Groundwater is a critical resource for drinking, sanitation, irrigation, and industry. However, in urban areas, it faces threats from overuse and poor management, leading to contamination from industrial and household waste. This study investigates the impact of industrial and urban effluents on groundwater quality in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Key contributors to groundwater pollution include the discharge of industrial and urban effluents into unlined drains and the use of agricultural chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides. Samples were collected from drains and groundwater at distances of 50 m, 100 m, and 150 m from drain outlets. GIS was used to map and analyze contaminant distribution. Parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, bicarbonates, calcium and magnesium hardness, and chloride levels were examined. Results showed that contaminant levels were highest in drain water, with concentrations increasing closer to the drainage sources, except for pH. All samples exceeded WHO safe limits, indicating widespread contamination and public health risks. The study highlights the need for improved waste management and water treatment practices in Faisalabad. A strong correlation was found between pollutant concentrations in drain water and key indicators like EC, TDS, total hardness, and magnesium hardness, emphasizing their role in deteriorating aquifer water quality. Groundwater samples collected 50 m from drains had the highest pollutant concentrations compared to those at 100 m and 150 m. Groundwater depletion and contamination in Faisalabad are exacerbated by agricultural overuse, industrial activities, and improper waste disposal. These issues threaten water security and public health. The study underscores the urgent need for effective pollution control measures to protect public health and ensure water security in the region.Groundwater is a critical resource for drinking, sanitation, irrigation, and industry. However, in urban areas, it faces threats from overuse and poor management, leading to contamination from industrial and household waste. This study investigates the impact of industrial and urban effluents on groundwater quality in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Key contributors to groundwater pollution include the discharge of industrial and urban effluents into unlined drains and the use of agricultural chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides. Samples were collected from drains and groundwater at distances of 50 m, 100 m, and 150 m from drain outlets. GIS was used to map and analyze contaminant distribution. Parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, bicarbonates, calcium and magnesium hardness, and chloride levels were examined. Results showed that contaminant levels were highest in drain water, with concentrations increasing closer to the drainage sources, except for pH. All samples exceeded WHO safe limits, indicating widespread contamination and public health risks. The study highlights the need for improved waste management and water treatment practices in Faisalabad. A strong correlation was found between pollutant concentrations in drain water and key indicators like EC, TDS, total hardness, and magnesium hardness, emphasizing their role in deteriorating aquifer water quality. Groundwater samples collected 50 m from drains had the highest pollutant concentrations compared to those at 100 m and 150 m. Groundwater depletion and contamination in Faisalabad are exacerbated by agricultural overuse, industrial activities, and improper waste disposal. These issues threaten water security and public health. The study underscores the urgent need for effective pollution control measures to protect public health and ensure water security in the region.