The paper explores the emerging field of geroscience, which aims to understand the intricate relationship between aging and the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. It highlights the pivotal role of geroscience in reshaping our understanding of pathology, particularly in age-related diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, malignancies, and neurodegenerative conditions. The paper delves into the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging, including mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence, and their implications for various age-related diseases. It emphasizes the importance of assessing key biomarkers of aging and biological age in pathological research. The interplay between cellular senescence and cancer biology is also scrutinized, underscoring its significance in contemporary pathological research. Additionally, the paper discusses anti-aging interventions, such as senolytics, mitochondria-targeted treatments, and interventions that influence epigenetic regulation, which hold promise for disease prevention and treatment. The integration of geroscience concepts into pathological research is expected to lead to transformative advancements in our understanding of disease pathogenesis and potentially revolutionize disease prevention and treatment.The paper explores the emerging field of geroscience, which aims to understand the intricate relationship between aging and the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. It highlights the pivotal role of geroscience in reshaping our understanding of pathology, particularly in age-related diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, malignancies, and neurodegenerative conditions. The paper delves into the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging, including mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence, and their implications for various age-related diseases. It emphasizes the importance of assessing key biomarkers of aging and biological age in pathological research. The interplay between cellular senescence and cancer biology is also scrutinized, underscoring its significance in contemporary pathological research. Additionally, the paper discusses anti-aging interventions, such as senolytics, mitochondria-targeted treatments, and interventions that influence epigenetic regulation, which hold promise for disease prevention and treatment. The integration of geroscience concepts into pathological research is expected to lead to transformative advancements in our understanding of disease pathogenesis and potentially revolutionize disease prevention and treatment.