The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) is a research program designed to assess the role of entrepreneurship in national economic growth. The program, initiated in 1998, aims to provide fundamental knowledge by assembling harmonized data on entrepreneurship annually. This data facilitates cross-national comparisons, estimates the impact of entrepreneurial activity on economic growth, identifies factors influencing national differences in entrepreneurship, and supports policy-making to enhance entrepreneurship. The conceptual model of GEM includes various factors associated with entrepreneurial activity and economic growth. To test these relationships, GEM conducted four major data collection activities: adult population surveys, unstructured interviews with national experts, self-administered questionnaires, and the assembly of standardized measures from existing cross-national datasets. The surveys were particularly challenging due to the need for precise criteria and careful processing to ensure consistent counts and prevalence rates across 41 countries. The reliability of the measures was confirmed, and the project was deemed cost-effective. The program's success in harmonizing data and understanding the complex relationships between entrepreneurship and economic growth underscores its importance in driving economic development.The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) is a research program designed to assess the role of entrepreneurship in national economic growth. The program, initiated in 1998, aims to provide fundamental knowledge by assembling harmonized data on entrepreneurship annually. This data facilitates cross-national comparisons, estimates the impact of entrepreneurial activity on economic growth, identifies factors influencing national differences in entrepreneurship, and supports policy-making to enhance entrepreneurship. The conceptual model of GEM includes various factors associated with entrepreneurial activity and economic growth. To test these relationships, GEM conducted four major data collection activities: adult population surveys, unstructured interviews with national experts, self-administered questionnaires, and the assembly of standardized measures from existing cross-national datasets. The surveys were particularly challenging due to the need for precise criteria and careful processing to ensure consistent counts and prevalence rates across 41 countries. The reliability of the measures was confirmed, and the project was deemed cost-effective. The program's success in harmonizing data and understanding the complex relationships between entrepreneurship and economic growth underscores its importance in driving economic development.