Heart failure (HF) is a global pandemic affecting approximately 26 million people worldwide, with significant health expenditures and increasing prevalence due to an aging population. Despite advancements in therapies and prevention, mortality and morbidity remain high, and quality of life is poor. The review focuses on the global epidemiology of HF, including prevalence, incidence, mortality, and morbidity rates, which vary geographically depending on the etiology and clinical characteristics of patients. HF is classified into three subtypes: HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and HF with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF). The prevalence of HF is increasing, particularly in older populations, and the incidence is stable or decreasing, possibly due to improved survival rates and better treatment of acute coronary syndromes. The demographic and clinical characteristics of HF patients differ between HFpEF and HFrEF, with HFpEF patients being more likely to be women, older, obese, and have higher cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular comorbidities. Outcomes for HF patients vary, with higher 90-day mortality in HFrEF compared to HFpEF, but similar readmission rates. Ambulatory care and quality of life are important aspects of HF management, and further epidemiological studies are needed to improve understanding and treatment of HF.Heart failure (HF) is a global pandemic affecting approximately 26 million people worldwide, with significant health expenditures and increasing prevalence due to an aging population. Despite advancements in therapies and prevention, mortality and morbidity remain high, and quality of life is poor. The review focuses on the global epidemiology of HF, including prevalence, incidence, mortality, and morbidity rates, which vary geographically depending on the etiology and clinical characteristics of patients. HF is classified into three subtypes: HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and HF with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF). The prevalence of HF is increasing, particularly in older populations, and the incidence is stable or decreasing, possibly due to improved survival rates and better treatment of acute coronary syndromes. The demographic and clinical characteristics of HF patients differ between HFpEF and HFrEF, with HFpEF patients being more likely to be women, older, obese, and have higher cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular comorbidities. Outcomes for HF patients vary, with higher 90-day mortality in HFrEF compared to HFpEF, but similar readmission rates. Ambulatory care and quality of life are important aspects of HF management, and further epidemiological studies are needed to improve understanding and treatment of HF.