Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea

Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea

April 12, 2013 | Christa L Fischer Walker*, Igor Rudan*, Li Liu, Harish Nair, Evropi Theodoratou, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Katherine L O'Brien, Harry Campbell†, Robert E Black†
Since January 2020, Elsevier has established a COVID-19 resource center, offering free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus. This resource is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, allowing unrestricted research reuse and analysis with acknowledgment of the original source. These permissions are granted for free as long as the COVID-19 resource center remains active. The article also reviews the global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhea, highlighting their leading infectious causes of morbidity and mortality in children. In 2010, there were 1.731 billion episodes of diarrhea and 120 million episodes of pneumonia in children under 5 years old, with a significant proportion progressing to severe cases. The highest mortality rates occur in the first 2 years of life. Rotavirus and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common vaccine-preventable causes of severe diarrhea and pneumonia, respectively. Despite reductions in child mortality, these diseases remain major causes of avoidable deaths, accounting for about 30% of all child deaths worldwide. The article emphasizes the need for integrated control programs, including immunization, nutrition, and community case management, to reduce the burden of these diseases.Since January 2020, Elsevier has established a COVID-19 resource center, offering free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus. This resource is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, allowing unrestricted research reuse and analysis with acknowledgment of the original source. These permissions are granted for free as long as the COVID-19 resource center remains active. The article also reviews the global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhea, highlighting their leading infectious causes of morbidity and mortality in children. In 2010, there were 1.731 billion episodes of diarrhea and 120 million episodes of pneumonia in children under 5 years old, with a significant proportion progressing to severe cases. The highest mortality rates occur in the first 2 years of life. Rotavirus and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common vaccine-preventable causes of severe diarrhea and pneumonia, respectively. Despite reductions in child mortality, these diseases remain major causes of avoidable deaths, accounting for about 30% of all child deaths worldwide. The article emphasizes the need for integrated control programs, including immunization, nutrition, and community case management, to reduce the burden of these diseases.
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