Cancer is a significant burden on society in both economically developed and less developed countries, with the incidence of cancer increasing due to population growth, aging, and the prevalence of risk factors such as smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, and changing reproductive patterns. According to GLOBOCAN estimates, about 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million deaths occurred globally in 2012. The burden is shifting to less developed countries, which account for about 57% of cases and 65% of cancer deaths. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among males in both types of countries, while breast cancer is the leading cause among females in more developed countries. Other leading causes of cancer death include colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, and cervical cancer. Despite higher incidence rates in more developed countries, mortality rates are only 8% to 15% higher due to regional differences in cancer profiles and treatment availability. Effective prevention measures, such as tobacco control, vaccination, and early detection tests, could significantly reduce the future cancer burden.Cancer is a significant burden on society in both economically developed and less developed countries, with the incidence of cancer increasing due to population growth, aging, and the prevalence of risk factors such as smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, and changing reproductive patterns. According to GLOBOCAN estimates, about 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million deaths occurred globally in 2012. The burden is shifting to less developed countries, which account for about 57% of cases and 65% of cancer deaths. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among males in both types of countries, while breast cancer is the leading cause among females in more developed countries. Other leading causes of cancer death include colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, and cervical cancer. Despite higher incidence rates in more developed countries, mortality rates are only 8% to 15% higher due to regional differences in cancer profiles and treatment availability. Effective prevention measures, such as tobacco control, vaccination, and early detection tests, could significantly reduce the future cancer burden.