This research article investigates the global diversity and distribution of soil fungi using 454 Life Sciences pyrosequencing and taxonomically and functionally annotated sequence databases. The study employs multiple regression models to analyze the influence of climatic, spatial, edaphic, and floristic parameters on fungal diversity and community composition. Key findings include: 1. **Global Distribution and Diversity**: Fungal taxa exhibit a geographic range that increases towards the poles, with strong endemicity in tropical regions and cosmopolitan distribution in other areas. 2. **Modeling and Equilibria**: Structural equilibria were identified for major fungal groups, aligning with Rapoport's rule, which suggests that species richness increases towards the poles. 3. **Predictive Factors**: Climatic factors are the primary predictors of soil fungal richness and community composition, followed by edaphic and spatial patterns. 4. **Plant-Derived Feedbacks**: The richness of all fungi and functional groups is not causally related to plant diversity, except for ectomycorrhizal root symbionts, indicating that plant-soil feedbacks do not significantly influence global soil fungal diversity. 5. **Biogeographic Patterns**: Fungi follow similar biogeographic patterns as plants and animals, with some major taxonomic and functional groups deviating from these patterns. Efficient long-distance dispersal is observed among distant continents. The study provides valuable insights into the biogeography of soil fungi, highlighting the importance of climatic and edaphic factors in shaping fungal diversity and distribution.This research article investigates the global diversity and distribution of soil fungi using 454 Life Sciences pyrosequencing and taxonomically and functionally annotated sequence databases. The study employs multiple regression models to analyze the influence of climatic, spatial, edaphic, and floristic parameters on fungal diversity and community composition. Key findings include: 1. **Global Distribution and Diversity**: Fungal taxa exhibit a geographic range that increases towards the poles, with strong endemicity in tropical regions and cosmopolitan distribution in other areas. 2. **Modeling and Equilibria**: Structural equilibria were identified for major fungal groups, aligning with Rapoport's rule, which suggests that species richness increases towards the poles. 3. **Predictive Factors**: Climatic factors are the primary predictors of soil fungal richness and community composition, followed by edaphic and spatial patterns. 4. **Plant-Derived Feedbacks**: The richness of all fungi and functional groups is not causally related to plant diversity, except for ectomycorrhizal root symbionts, indicating that plant-soil feedbacks do not significantly influence global soil fungal diversity. 5. **Biogeographic Patterns**: Fungi follow similar biogeographic patterns as plants and animals, with some major taxonomic and functional groups deviating from these patterns. Efficient long-distance dispersal is observed among distant continents. The study provides valuable insights into the biogeography of soil fungi, highlighting the importance of climatic and edaphic factors in shaping fungal diversity and distribution.