The article discusses the impact of climate change on global fish production, highlighting the current state, trends, and threats to fisheries. It notes that global fish production is increasing due to aquaculture, but there are significant climate-related threats to both capture fisheries and aquaculture. The authors emphasize the uncertainty in predicting future fisheries production due to the variability in global aquatic net primary production and the transfer of this production through the food chain. Regional climate variability, such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, has been identified as a major factor affecting fish species distribution and productivity. Future production may increase in high-latitude regions due to warming and reduced ice cover, but low-latitude regions may experience declines due to reduced vertical mixing and nutrient recycling. The article also highlights the interaction between fishing and climate change, with fishing activities exacerbating the impacts of climate change by reducing population size, age, and geographic diversity. Inland fisheries are threatened by changes in precipitation and water management. The frequency and intensity of extreme climate events are expected to have a significant impact on future fisheries production. The authors conclude that reducing fishing mortality in fully or overexploited fisheries is the primary feasible means of mitigating the impacts of climate change. They also emphasize the need for a precautionary, ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management, considering the complex and regional variability of marine ecosystems.The article discusses the impact of climate change on global fish production, highlighting the current state, trends, and threats to fisheries. It notes that global fish production is increasing due to aquaculture, but there are significant climate-related threats to both capture fisheries and aquaculture. The authors emphasize the uncertainty in predicting future fisheries production due to the variability in global aquatic net primary production and the transfer of this production through the food chain. Regional climate variability, such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, has been identified as a major factor affecting fish species distribution and productivity. Future production may increase in high-latitude regions due to warming and reduced ice cover, but low-latitude regions may experience declines due to reduced vertical mixing and nutrient recycling. The article also highlights the interaction between fishing and climate change, with fishing activities exacerbating the impacts of climate change by reducing population size, age, and geographic diversity. Inland fisheries are threatened by changes in precipitation and water management. The frequency and intensity of extreme climate events are expected to have a significant impact on future fisheries production. The authors conclude that reducing fishing mortality in fully or overexploited fisheries is the primary feasible means of mitigating the impacts of climate change. They also emphasize the need for a precautionary, ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management, considering the complex and regional variability of marine ecosystems.