The article "Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities" by R. Naidoo et al. reviews the theory, data, and analyses needed to produce maps of ecosystem services and their production areas. The authors find that only four ecosystem services—carbon sequestration, carbon storage, grassland production of livestock, and water provision—can be quantified and mapped using available data. They compare these ecosystem service maps with global distributions of biodiversity conservation targets and find that regions selected to maximize biodiversity do not necessarily provide more ecosystem services. The spatial concordance among different services and between ecosystem services and established conservation priorities varies widely. Despite this lack of general concordance, "win–win" areas— regions important for both ecosystem services and biodiversity—can be identified at both ecoregional and finer scales. The authors emphasize the need for interdisciplinary research to fully assess synergies and trade-offs in conserving biodiversity and ecosystem services.The article "Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities" by R. Naidoo et al. reviews the theory, data, and analyses needed to produce maps of ecosystem services and their production areas. The authors find that only four ecosystem services—carbon sequestration, carbon storage, grassland production of livestock, and water provision—can be quantified and mapped using available data. They compare these ecosystem service maps with global distributions of biodiversity conservation targets and find that regions selected to maximize biodiversity do not necessarily provide more ecosystem services. The spatial concordance among different services and between ecosystem services and established conservation priorities varies widely. Despite this lack of general concordance, "win–win" areas— regions important for both ecosystem services and biodiversity—can be identified at both ecoregional and finer scales. The authors emphasize the need for interdisciplinary research to fully assess synergies and trade-offs in conserving biodiversity and ecosystem services.