The article discusses the role of glutamate and NMDA receptors in schizophrenia, challenging the traditional dopamine hypothesis. It highlights that current antipsychotic medications, primarily blocking D2 dopamine receptors, are ineffective in treating negative symptoms and cognitive impairments, which are significant disabilities for patients. The author suggests that abnormalities in NMDA receptor function may contribute to these resistant symptoms. The review covers genetic, brain imaging, and pharmacological studies supporting this hypothesis, including the use of NMDA receptor antagonists and agonists. It also discusses the potential of drugs that enhance NMDA receptor function, such as D-cycloserine and D-serine, as promising treatments. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to validate these findings and develop more effective therapies for schizophrenia.The article discusses the role of glutamate and NMDA receptors in schizophrenia, challenging the traditional dopamine hypothesis. It highlights that current antipsychotic medications, primarily blocking D2 dopamine receptors, are ineffective in treating negative symptoms and cognitive impairments, which are significant disabilities for patients. The author suggests that abnormalities in NMDA receptor function may contribute to these resistant symptoms. The review covers genetic, brain imaging, and pharmacological studies supporting this hypothesis, including the use of NMDA receptor antagonists and agonists. It also discusses the potential of drugs that enhance NMDA receptor function, such as D-cycloserine and D-serine, as promising treatments. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to validate these findings and develop more effective therapies for schizophrenia.