This review discusses the role of glutamine in tumor cell metabolism and its significance in cancer development and treatment. Glutamine is crucial for the biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and fatty acids, which are essential for tumor cell proliferation and survival. The metabolism of glutamine is tightly regulated by oncogenes such as $C-MYC$, $KRAS$, $HIF$, and $p53$. These oncogenes influence the expression of key enzymes and transporters involved in glutamine metabolism, thereby modulating tumor cell growth and resistance to chemotherapy. The review also highlights the potential of targeting glutamine metabolism as a therapeutic strategy, including the development of inhibitors of glutaminase and transporters. Additionally, it explores the interaction between glutamine metabolism and the mTORC1 pathway, which plays a critical role in regulating cell growth and survival. The review concludes by discussing the current status of clinical trials and future directions in the development of anti-cancer agents that target glutamine metabolism.This review discusses the role of glutamine in tumor cell metabolism and its significance in cancer development and treatment. Glutamine is crucial for the biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and fatty acids, which are essential for tumor cell proliferation and survival. The metabolism of glutamine is tightly regulated by oncogenes such as $C-MYC$, $KRAS$, $HIF$, and $p53$. These oncogenes influence the expression of key enzymes and transporters involved in glutamine metabolism, thereby modulating tumor cell growth and resistance to chemotherapy. The review also highlights the potential of targeting glutamine metabolism as a therapeutic strategy, including the development of inhibitors of glutaminase and transporters. Additionally, it explores the interaction between glutamine metabolism and the mTORC1 pathway, which plays a critical role in regulating cell growth and survival. The review concludes by discussing the current status of clinical trials and future directions in the development of anti-cancer agents that target glutamine metabolism.