This review discusses the green synthesis, characterization, and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using bioflocculants. Silver nanoparticles have shown significant potential in various applications, including antimicrobial, anticancer, and water purification. Traditional methods for producing nanoparticles, such as chemical and physical techniques, are energy-intensive and use hazardous chemicals. In contrast, biological synthesis using plant extracts, fungi, algae, and bacteria is considered eco-friendly, cost-effective, and non-toxic. Bioflocculants, derived from microorganisms, plants, and algae, are natural, biodegradable, and effective in nanoparticle synthesis. They act as reducing and stabilizing agents, promoting nanoparticle aggregation and settling to aid in water purification. The review highlights various methods for synthesizing AgNPs, including top-down, bottom-up, chemical, and biological approaches. Biological synthesis using bioflocculants is particularly promising due to its environmental benefits and potential for large-scale applications. The review also covers the characterization of AgNPs, including UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering, which are essential for understanding their properties and applications. The study emphasizes the importance of optimizing factors such as pH, temperature, and pressure to control nanoparticle size and shape, which are critical for their functionality. Overall, the review underscores the potential of bioflocculant-based synthesis for sustainable and efficient nanoparticle production with applications in water treatment and other environmental processes.This review discusses the green synthesis, characterization, and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using bioflocculants. Silver nanoparticles have shown significant potential in various applications, including antimicrobial, anticancer, and water purification. Traditional methods for producing nanoparticles, such as chemical and physical techniques, are energy-intensive and use hazardous chemicals. In contrast, biological synthesis using plant extracts, fungi, algae, and bacteria is considered eco-friendly, cost-effective, and non-toxic. Bioflocculants, derived from microorganisms, plants, and algae, are natural, biodegradable, and effective in nanoparticle synthesis. They act as reducing and stabilizing agents, promoting nanoparticle aggregation and settling to aid in water purification. The review highlights various methods for synthesizing AgNPs, including top-down, bottom-up, chemical, and biological approaches. Biological synthesis using bioflocculants is particularly promising due to its environmental benefits and potential for large-scale applications. The review also covers the characterization of AgNPs, including UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering, which are essential for understanding their properties and applications. The study emphasizes the importance of optimizing factors such as pH, temperature, and pressure to control nanoparticle size and shape, which are critical for their functionality. Overall, the review underscores the potential of bioflocculant-based synthesis for sustainable and efficient nanoparticle production with applications in water treatment and other environmental processes.