Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are often used as bioindicators to assess environmental changes. They are particularly useful in indicating habitat alteration, especially in grasslands and boreal forests, where species diversity and abundance change along a disturbance gradient. Large, poorly dispersing specialist species tend to decline with increased disturbance, while small, generalist species with good dispersal ability increase. Some species are not affected by moderate disturbance. However, there is limited research on how well carabids represent the response of other species or the overall biodiversity. The study concludes that carabids are useful bioindicators but should be used cautiously due to incomplete understanding of their relationships with other species. Bioindicators are valuable tools for monitoring environmental changes, as they can detect early warning signs of disturbance and assess the impact of human activities on ecosystems. They are cost-effective and can provide insights into the effects of toxic materials on organisms. In biodiversity surveys, bioindicators help estimate species richness by using a few species groups and extrapolating to the total biota, which is especially useful in the tropics where surveying all species is impractical. Bioindicators can be classified into environmental, ecological, and biodiversity indicators. Environmental and ecological indicators detect changes in the environment, while biodiversity indicators reflect the diversity of the overall biota. However, these categories are not mutually exclusive, as some species responding to environmental changes can also reflect the diversity or response of other species. Environmental changes can lead to physiological changes, changes in species number or abundance, or shifts in species interactions. These responses can be observed within the organism, at the species level, or at the community level. Biodiversity indicators reflect the diversity of other taxa through species richness, endemism, and other measures. The study highlights the importance of carabids as bioindicators but emphasizes the need for further research to fully understand their role in biodiversity assessments.Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are often used as bioindicators to assess environmental changes. They are particularly useful in indicating habitat alteration, especially in grasslands and boreal forests, where species diversity and abundance change along a disturbance gradient. Large, poorly dispersing specialist species tend to decline with increased disturbance, while small, generalist species with good dispersal ability increase. Some species are not affected by moderate disturbance. However, there is limited research on how well carabids represent the response of other species or the overall biodiversity. The study concludes that carabids are useful bioindicators but should be used cautiously due to incomplete understanding of their relationships with other species. Bioindicators are valuable tools for monitoring environmental changes, as they can detect early warning signs of disturbance and assess the impact of human activities on ecosystems. They are cost-effective and can provide insights into the effects of toxic materials on organisms. In biodiversity surveys, bioindicators help estimate species richness by using a few species groups and extrapolating to the total biota, which is especially useful in the tropics where surveying all species is impractical. Bioindicators can be classified into environmental, ecological, and biodiversity indicators. Environmental and ecological indicators detect changes in the environment, while biodiversity indicators reflect the diversity of the overall biota. However, these categories are not mutually exclusive, as some species responding to environmental changes can also reflect the diversity or response of other species. Environmental changes can lead to physiological changes, changes in species number or abundance, or shifts in species interactions. These responses can be observed within the organism, at the species level, or at the community level. Biodiversity indicators reflect the diversity of other taxa through species richness, endemism, and other measures. The study highlights the importance of carabids as bioindicators but emphasizes the need for further research to fully understand their role in biodiversity assessments.