An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented, highlighting the country's biodiversity. This work, initiated in 2010 with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, has been updated by over 430 specialists. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing a 3% increase in species richness since 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest for Angiosperms. The Amazon Rainforest showed a 2.5% decrease in recorded endemics, while over half of Brazilian seed plant species (57.4%) are endemic. Life-forms vary among biomes: trees are more common in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest, herbs in the Pampa, and lianas in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation quantifies Brazilian biodiversity, highlights knowledge gaps, and provides a framework for conservation challenges. Key words: Angiosperms, biomes, endemism, Gymnosperms, life-forms. The Brazilian Flora Group compiled this paper, with contributions from over 400 specialists. The study analyzed data from 2010 to 2015, showing a 3% increase in species richness. The top 10 families of Angiosperms contribute 47.2% of the total species, with a 68.5% increase in species numbers. The top 30 genera account for 19.5% of the total diversity, with a significant increase in species numbers. Biomes show varying levels of species richness and endemism, with the Atlantic Rainforest and Cerrado being the most diverse. The Amazon Rainforest has the highest number of species, while the Pantanal and Pampa show the highest percentage increases in species numbers. Endemism rates vary among biomes, with the Atlantic Rainforest having the highest proportion of endemic species. The study highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect Brazil's unique and diverse flora.An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented, highlighting the country's biodiversity. This work, initiated in 2010 with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, has been updated by over 430 specialists. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing a 3% increase in species richness since 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest for Angiosperms. The Amazon Rainforest showed a 2.5% decrease in recorded endemics, while over half of Brazilian seed plant species (57.4%) are endemic. Life-forms vary among biomes: trees are more common in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest, herbs in the Pampa, and lianas in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation quantifies Brazilian biodiversity, highlights knowledge gaps, and provides a framework for conservation challenges. Key words: Angiosperms, biomes, endemism, Gymnosperms, life-forms. The Brazilian Flora Group compiled this paper, with contributions from over 400 specialists. The study analyzed data from 2010 to 2015, showing a 3% increase in species richness. The top 10 families of Angiosperms contribute 47.2% of the total species, with a 68.5% increase in species numbers. The top 30 genera account for 19.5% of the total diversity, with a significant increase in species numbers. Biomes show varying levels of species richness and endemism, with the Atlantic Rainforest and Cerrado being the most diverse. The Amazon Rainforest has the highest number of species, while the Pantanal and Pampa show the highest percentage increases in species numbers. Endemism rates vary among biomes, with the Atlantic Rainforest having the highest proportion of endemic species. The study highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect Brazil's unique and diverse flora.