The article provides an updated overview of the gut bacteriome in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), focusing on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). IBD is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and a disturbed gut microbiota. The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in IBD, with both CD and UC characterized by severe dysbiosis, marked by an expansion of detrimental taxa and a depletion of beneficial members. Key bacterial genera involved in IBD include *Faecalibacterium*, *Ruminococcus*, *Coprococcus*, *Dorea*, *Parabacteroides*, *Eubacterium*, *Oscillibacter*, and *Prevotella*. These imbalances lead to exaggerated immune responses and altered metabolomic profiles, triggering additional inflammatory cascades. The review highlights the compositional and functional alterations in the gut microbiota across different IBD subtypes and their clinical relevance. It also discusses the role of gut microbial dysbiosis in IBD, supported by epidemiological trends, gnotobiotic mouse models, and genome-wide association studies. The gut bacteriome is crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and its perturbation can lead to chronic intestinal inflammation, as seen in conditions like pouchitis. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the gut microbiome in IBD to develop better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.The article provides an updated overview of the gut bacteriome in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), focusing on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). IBD is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and a disturbed gut microbiota. The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in IBD, with both CD and UC characterized by severe dysbiosis, marked by an expansion of detrimental taxa and a depletion of beneficial members. Key bacterial genera involved in IBD include *Faecalibacterium*, *Ruminococcus*, *Coprococcus*, *Dorea*, *Parabacteroides*, *Eubacterium*, *Oscillibacter*, and *Prevotella*. These imbalances lead to exaggerated immune responses and altered metabolomic profiles, triggering additional inflammatory cascades. The review highlights the compositional and functional alterations in the gut microbiota across different IBD subtypes and their clinical relevance. It also discusses the role of gut microbial dysbiosis in IBD, supported by epidemiological trends, gnotobiotic mouse models, and genome-wide association studies. The gut bacteriome is crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and its perturbation can lead to chronic intestinal inflammation, as seen in conditions like pouchitis. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the gut microbiome in IBD to develop better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.