This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the short-, middle-, and long-term consequences of sarcopenia. The study included 17 prospective studies that met the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People's definition of sarcopenia. The results showed that sarcopenia is associated with a higher risk of mortality (pooled OR 3.596, 95% CI 2.96–4.37), functional decline (pooled OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.80–5.12), and an increased incidence of falls (OR 3.45, 95% CI 1.68–7.09). Sarcopenia was also linked to a higher rate of hospitalizations (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.09–2.26) and fractures (HR 3.75, 95% CI 2.64–5.32) in individuals with low bone mineral density. The impact of sarcopenia on the length of hospital stay was less clear, with only one study reporting a significant association. The study concluded that sarcopenia is a significant public health burden, and preventive and therapeutic interventions are needed to address its adverse effects.This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the short-, middle-, and long-term consequences of sarcopenia. The study included 17 prospective studies that met the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People's definition of sarcopenia. The results showed that sarcopenia is associated with a higher risk of mortality (pooled OR 3.596, 95% CI 2.96–4.37), functional decline (pooled OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.80–5.12), and an increased incidence of falls (OR 3.45, 95% CI 1.68–7.09). Sarcopenia was also linked to a higher rate of hospitalizations (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.09–2.26) and fractures (HR 3.75, 95% CI 2.64–5.32) in individuals with low bone mineral density. The impact of sarcopenia on the length of hospital stay was less clear, with only one study reporting a significant association. The study concluded that sarcopenia is a significant public health burden, and preventive and therapeutic interventions are needed to address its adverse effects.