The article reviews the health benefits of ghee, a clarified butter, from both Ayurvedic and modern scientific perspectives. Ghee, a traditional Indian food and cultural symbol, is also a key component in Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine. While modern science has traditionally viewed dairy fats negatively due to their saturated fatty acid content, recent research has highlighted their functional benefits. The review compiles 4000 references to milk and milk products from 11 important Ayurvedic texts, finding 774 mentions of ghee, categorized into 15 benefit clusters. These benefits include cognitive health, gastrointestinal health, nourishment, vision, and wound healing. In contrast, modern scientific literature focuses more on cardiovascular health, wound healing, and skin health, with limited studies on cognitive and gastrointestinal benefits. The review also examines the fatty acid profiles of ghee from different animal sources and compares them with Ayurvedic literature. It concludes that while Ayurvedic literature emphasizes ghee's therapeutic value, modern science is beginning to recognize its potential in various health areas, particularly in cognitive and gastrointestinal health. Further research is needed to fully understand ghee's therapeutic potential and establish guidelines for its consumption.The article reviews the health benefits of ghee, a clarified butter, from both Ayurvedic and modern scientific perspectives. Ghee, a traditional Indian food and cultural symbol, is also a key component in Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine. While modern science has traditionally viewed dairy fats negatively due to their saturated fatty acid content, recent research has highlighted their functional benefits. The review compiles 4000 references to milk and milk products from 11 important Ayurvedic texts, finding 774 mentions of ghee, categorized into 15 benefit clusters. These benefits include cognitive health, gastrointestinal health, nourishment, vision, and wound healing. In contrast, modern scientific literature focuses more on cardiovascular health, wound healing, and skin health, with limited studies on cognitive and gastrointestinal benefits. The review also examines the fatty acid profiles of ghee from different animal sources and compares them with Ayurvedic literature. It concludes that while Ayurvedic literature emphasizes ghee's therapeutic value, modern science is beginning to recognize its potential in various health areas, particularly in cognitive and gastrointestinal health. Further research is needed to fully understand ghee's therapeutic potential and establish guidelines for its consumption.