Health effects of heavy metals in meat and poultry consumption in Noakhali, Bangladesh

Health effects of heavy metals in meat and poultry consumption in Noakhali, Bangladesh

2024 | Akibul Islam Chowdhury, Mohammad Rahanur Alam
This study examines the levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Fe, and Cu) in commercially available meat, poultry, and game products in Noakhali, Bangladesh, and assesses their potential health effects. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry was used to analyze the heavy metals, and health risk assessment was based on Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Targeted Hazard Quotient (THQ), Total THQ, and Total Carcinogenic Risk (TCR). Most samples exceeded Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MAC). The EDI values of Cd, Pb, and Cr for duck liver, goat liver, and pigeon brain were higher than the Maximum Tolerable Dietary Intake (MTDI). Children had 1.28 times higher HI values than adults. The calculated THQ values for all elements in adults and children were in the order of Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd > Fe, ranging from 0.051 to 1.988 and 0.047 to 3.975, respectively. The TCR values for Cd in poultry liver, brain, and meat, Sonali chicken, cow, pigeon, duck, and goat liver were higher than the reference value for both adults and children, suggesting a potential cancer risk. The average exposure to lead increased systolic blood pressure by 0.47 mmHg and decreased IQ scores by 1.94 points. The study highlights the need for strong relationships between heavy metal exposure and food supply in Bangladesh.This study examines the levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Fe, and Cu) in commercially available meat, poultry, and game products in Noakhali, Bangladesh, and assesses their potential health effects. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry was used to analyze the heavy metals, and health risk assessment was based on Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Targeted Hazard Quotient (THQ), Total THQ, and Total Carcinogenic Risk (TCR). Most samples exceeded Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MAC). The EDI values of Cd, Pb, and Cr for duck liver, goat liver, and pigeon brain were higher than the Maximum Tolerable Dietary Intake (MTDI). Children had 1.28 times higher HI values than adults. The calculated THQ values for all elements in adults and children were in the order of Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd > Fe, ranging from 0.051 to 1.988 and 0.047 to 3.975, respectively. The TCR values for Cd in poultry liver, brain, and meat, Sonali chicken, cow, pigeon, duck, and goat liver were higher than the reference value for both adults and children, suggesting a potential cancer risk. The average exposure to lead increased systolic blood pressure by 0.47 mmHg and decreased IQ scores by 1.94 points. The study highlights the need for strong relationships between heavy metal exposure and food supply in Bangladesh.
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