This review discusses the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults. It highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to understand the link between hearing impairment and dementia. A workshop organized by the Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Science Foundation aimed to raise awareness of this relationship and stimulate research. Frank Lin, a clinical researcher, presented findings on the connection between hearing loss and cognitive decline since 2009. Hearing loss is a significant public health issue, affecting a large portion of the global population. In the US, 26.7 million adults aged 50 and older suffer from hearing loss, with 3.8 million using hearing aids. In Europe, untreated hearing loss costs €213 billion annually. In 2025, it is estimated that 900 million people worldwide will be hearing impaired, with about 10% from Europe. In the next 100 years, hearing impairment is projected to affect about 30% of Europeans due to aging populations. The prevalence of dementia is also expected to rise significantly. In 2005, 24.3 million people were estimated to have dementia, with 4.6 million new cases annually. This number is expected to double every 20 years, reaching 8.1 million by 2040. By 2050, the number of dementia cases is projected to increase to around 16.2 million. The review emphasizes the need for aggressive treatment of hearing loss to potentially delay cognitive decline and dementia. However, there are currently no known interventions that can significantly reduce the global prevalence of dementia by 2050. The review calls for increased awareness and research into the relationship between hearing loss and dementia.This review discusses the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults. It highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to understand the link between hearing impairment and dementia. A workshop organized by the Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Science Foundation aimed to raise awareness of this relationship and stimulate research. Frank Lin, a clinical researcher, presented findings on the connection between hearing loss and cognitive decline since 2009. Hearing loss is a significant public health issue, affecting a large portion of the global population. In the US, 26.7 million adults aged 50 and older suffer from hearing loss, with 3.8 million using hearing aids. In Europe, untreated hearing loss costs €213 billion annually. In 2025, it is estimated that 900 million people worldwide will be hearing impaired, with about 10% from Europe. In the next 100 years, hearing impairment is projected to affect about 30% of Europeans due to aging populations. The prevalence of dementia is also expected to rise significantly. In 2005, 24.3 million people were estimated to have dementia, with 4.6 million new cases annually. This number is expected to double every 20 years, reaching 8.1 million by 2040. By 2050, the number of dementia cases is projected to increase to around 16.2 million. The review emphasizes the need for aggressive treatment of hearing loss to potentially delay cognitive decline and dementia. However, there are currently no known interventions that can significantly reduce the global prevalence of dementia by 2050. The review calls for increased awareness and research into the relationship between hearing loss and dementia.