This study investigates the use of graphene oxide (GO) nanofluids in enhancing heat transfer in industrial heat exchangers. An industrial-scale heat exchanger was scaled down to create a laboratory-scale apparatus for testing. The thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, viscosity, density, Prandtl number, and Nusselt number of the GO nanofluids were evaluated at varying temperatures and nanoparticle concentrations. The results showed that the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid increased with both temperature and nanoparticle concentration, reaching a peak of 0.380 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ at 85°C and 0.1 wt%. The specific heat capacity increased with temperature but decreased with higher GO nanoparticle content, with a maximum value of 3403.821 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ at 40°C and 0.01 wt%. The viscosity of the nanofluid increased with higher concentrations of GO nanoparticles, with a minimum value of 0.83 mPa s at 85°C and 0.01 wt%. The Prandtl number decreased with temperature but increased with higher GO nanoparticle concentration, indicating a transition from convective to conductive heat transfer. A new correlation equation for the Nusselt number was derived, allowing prediction of heat transfer enhancement in nanofluids. The findings highlight the potential of nanofluids for improving heat exchanger performance and offer insights into optimizing nanofluid applications in thermal systems. The study also discusses technological constraints, environmental concerns, and scalability prospects of GO nanofluids in industrial applications. The results indicate that GO nanofluids can effectively enhance heat transfer in industrial heat exchangers, with a temperature difference of 20-30°C at the outlet of indirect water heaters. The study emphasizes the need for further research to address economic, corrosion, and system integration challenges in implementing nanofluids in industrial heat exchangers.This study investigates the use of graphene oxide (GO) nanofluids in enhancing heat transfer in industrial heat exchangers. An industrial-scale heat exchanger was scaled down to create a laboratory-scale apparatus for testing. The thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, viscosity, density, Prandtl number, and Nusselt number of the GO nanofluids were evaluated at varying temperatures and nanoparticle concentrations. The results showed that the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid increased with both temperature and nanoparticle concentration, reaching a peak of 0.380 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ at 85°C and 0.1 wt%. The specific heat capacity increased with temperature but decreased with higher GO nanoparticle content, with a maximum value of 3403.821 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ at 40°C and 0.01 wt%. The viscosity of the nanofluid increased with higher concentrations of GO nanoparticles, with a minimum value of 0.83 mPa s at 85°C and 0.01 wt%. The Prandtl number decreased with temperature but increased with higher GO nanoparticle concentration, indicating a transition from convective to conductive heat transfer. A new correlation equation for the Nusselt number was derived, allowing prediction of heat transfer enhancement in nanofluids. The findings highlight the potential of nanofluids for improving heat exchanger performance and offer insights into optimizing nanofluid applications in thermal systems. The study also discusses technological constraints, environmental concerns, and scalability prospects of GO nanofluids in industrial applications. The results indicate that GO nanofluids can effectively enhance heat transfer in industrial heat exchangers, with a temperature difference of 20-30°C at the outlet of indirect water heaters. The study emphasizes the need for further research to address economic, corrosion, and system integration challenges in implementing nanofluids in industrial heat exchangers.