Helminth infections, caused by parasitic worms, are a significant global health burden, affecting hundreds of millions of people in developing regions. These infections, including those from nematodes and platyhelminths, have long histories and can lead to chronic diseases such as anemia, growth stunting, and cognitive impairment, particularly in children. The coexistence of helminth infections with other diseases like malaria and HIV/AIDS exacerbates their impact. Despite the high prevalence and severity of these infections, the tools for control are limited, with only a few drugs available for treatment. Recent advances in molecular and immunological research have provided new insights into helminth biology and potential therapeutic targets. Genomic studies, particularly those on schistosomes and filarial nematodes, have identified genes and pathways that could be targeted for drug development. Additionally, gene manipulation techniques like RNA interference and transgenesis are being explored to understand and manipulate helminth infections. Global efforts to control helminth infections through mass drug administration (MDA) have shown some success, but concerns about drug resistance and the need for new interventions persist. The development of new drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines is crucial for improving control and treatment strategies. However, the lack of market incentives and the need for financial innovation or paradigm shifts in drug development for developing countries are significant challenges. The authors emphasize the importance of continued research and investment in helminthology to address the neglected status of these infections and ensure access to effective interventions.Helminth infections, caused by parasitic worms, are a significant global health burden, affecting hundreds of millions of people in developing regions. These infections, including those from nematodes and platyhelminths, have long histories and can lead to chronic diseases such as anemia, growth stunting, and cognitive impairment, particularly in children. The coexistence of helminth infections with other diseases like malaria and HIV/AIDS exacerbates their impact. Despite the high prevalence and severity of these infections, the tools for control are limited, with only a few drugs available for treatment. Recent advances in molecular and immunological research have provided new insights into helminth biology and potential therapeutic targets. Genomic studies, particularly those on schistosomes and filarial nematodes, have identified genes and pathways that could be targeted for drug development. Additionally, gene manipulation techniques like RNA interference and transgenesis are being explored to understand and manipulate helminth infections. Global efforts to control helminth infections through mass drug administration (MDA) have shown some success, but concerns about drug resistance and the need for new interventions persist. The development of new drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines is crucial for improving control and treatment strategies. However, the lack of market incentives and the need for financial innovation or paradigm shifts in drug development for developing countries are significant challenges. The authors emphasize the importance of continued research and investment in helminthology to address the neglected status of these infections and ensure access to effective interventions.