Heterogeneous Iron-Based Catalysts for Organic Transformation Reactions: A Brief Overview Iron (Fe) is a promising catalyst for organic transformations due to its abundance, low cost, and low toxicity. Recent studies highlight its potential as a sustainable alternative to noble metals in organic synthesis. This review discusses the latest advancements in Fe-catalyzed organic reactions, including cross-coupling, C–H activation, asymmetric catalysis, and cascade processes. Fe catalysts offer advantages such as ease of separation, high stability, and environmental friendliness. They are used in various reactions, including hydrogenation, oxidation, and coupling, with applications in drug discovery, materials science, and beyond. C–H activation is a key process in organic synthesis, enabling direct functionalization of hydrocarbons. Fe-based catalysts have been used in cross-coupling, cyclization, and functionalization reactions, contributing to sustainable synthetic methods. Recent studies have developed efficient Fe-based catalysts for C–H amination, such as Fe-ZnO for the Biginelli reaction and Fe-based MOFs for C–H activation. C–C coupling reactions catalyzed by Fe are important for constructing complex molecular architectures. Fe-based catalysts have been used in Suzuki-Miyaura, Heck, and Sonogashira reactions, showing high efficiency and reusability. Recent developments include magnetic Fe-based nanocatalysts, such as Pd@Fe3O4-AMOCAA and Fe3O4@Pd-biochar, which offer high catalytic activity and recyclability. C–N bond formation reactions are crucial in organic synthesis, with Fe catalysts showing promise in BH amination and other cross-coupling reactions. Recent studies have developed efficient Fe-based catalysts for these reactions, including Fe3O4@Pd-biochar and Fe-MIL-101-isatin-SB-Co. Oxidation reactions are significant in organic synthesis, with Fe catalysts used to activate oxidants like H2O2 and O2. The heterogeneous Fenton process, using solid Fe catalysts, is effective for degrading organic pollutants in wastewater. Recent studies have developed Fe-based catalysts for efficient oxidation of pollutants, such as Fe-N-C for PMS activation and GO-supported Fe-MOF for photocatalytic Fenton reactions. Overall, Fe-based heterogeneous catalysts offer sustainable and efficient solutions for various organic transformations, with ongoing research aimed at improving their performance and applicability in industrial and environmental contexts.Heterogeneous Iron-Based Catalysts for Organic Transformation Reactions: A Brief Overview Iron (Fe) is a promising catalyst for organic transformations due to its abundance, low cost, and low toxicity. Recent studies highlight its potential as a sustainable alternative to noble metals in organic synthesis. This review discusses the latest advancements in Fe-catalyzed organic reactions, including cross-coupling, C–H activation, asymmetric catalysis, and cascade processes. Fe catalysts offer advantages such as ease of separation, high stability, and environmental friendliness. They are used in various reactions, including hydrogenation, oxidation, and coupling, with applications in drug discovery, materials science, and beyond. C–H activation is a key process in organic synthesis, enabling direct functionalization of hydrocarbons. Fe-based catalysts have been used in cross-coupling, cyclization, and functionalization reactions, contributing to sustainable synthetic methods. Recent studies have developed efficient Fe-based catalysts for C–H amination, such as Fe-ZnO for the Biginelli reaction and Fe-based MOFs for C–H activation. C–C coupling reactions catalyzed by Fe are important for constructing complex molecular architectures. Fe-based catalysts have been used in Suzuki-Miyaura, Heck, and Sonogashira reactions, showing high efficiency and reusability. Recent developments include magnetic Fe-based nanocatalysts, such as Pd@Fe3O4-AMOCAA and Fe3O4@Pd-biochar, which offer high catalytic activity and recyclability. C–N bond formation reactions are crucial in organic synthesis, with Fe catalysts showing promise in BH amination and other cross-coupling reactions. Recent studies have developed efficient Fe-based catalysts for these reactions, including Fe3O4@Pd-biochar and Fe-MIL-101-isatin-SB-Co. Oxidation reactions are significant in organic synthesis, with Fe catalysts used to activate oxidants like H2O2 and O2. The heterogeneous Fenton process, using solid Fe catalysts, is effective for degrading organic pollutants in wastewater. Recent studies have developed Fe-based catalysts for efficient oxidation of pollutants, such as Fe-N-C for PMS activation and GO-supported Fe-MOF for photocatalytic Fenton reactions. Overall, Fe-based heterogeneous catalysts offer sustainable and efficient solutions for various organic transformations, with ongoing research aimed at improving their performance and applicability in industrial and environmental contexts.