Hidden Hazards Revealed: Mycotoxins and Their Masked Forms in Poultry

Hidden Hazards Revealed: Mycotoxins and Their Masked Forms in Poultry

6 March 2024 | Hamada Okasha, Bochen Song, Zhigang Song
The presence of mycotoxins and their masked forms in chicken feed poses significant threats to both productivity and health. This review examines the multifaceted impacts of mycotoxins on various aspects of chicken well-being, including feed efficiency, growth, immunity, antioxidants, blood biochemistry, and internal organs. Mycotoxins, toxic substances produced by fungi, can exert detrimental effects even at low levels of contamination. The hidden or masked forms of mycotoxins further complicate the situation as they are not easily detected by conventional methods but can be converted into their toxic forms during digestion. Consequently, chickens are exposed to mycotoxin-related risks despite apparently low mycotoxin levels. The consequences of mycotoxin exposure in chickens include reduced feed efficiency, compromised growth rates, impaired immune function, altered antioxidant levels, disturbances in blood biochemical parameters, and adverse effects on internal organs. To mitigate these impacts, effective management strategies are essential, such as routine monitoring of feed ingredients and finished feeds, adherence to proper storage practices, and the implementation of feed detoxification methods and mycotoxin binders. Raising awareness of these hidden hazards is crucial for safeguarding chicken productivity and health. mycotoxins; masked; chicken productivity; immunity; antioxidants; blood; internal organs Mycotoxins have been recognized as a longstanding threat to animal health, produced by fungi such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium. While extensive research has been conducted, our understanding of the impact of these complex substances and their modified forms on poultry remains limited. Effects on poultry include reduced feed intake, growth performance, immunity, antioxidant status, blood parameters, and organ damage. Mycotoxins and their masked forms have been associated with increased mortality, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and organ damage. The significance of mycotoxins on public health is still a topic of ongoing discussion, beyond their negative influences on poultry productivity and well-being. Mycotoxins exhibit structural variations due to their diverse origins, resulting in significant differences in their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) are commonly encountered mycotoxins that often co-occur in grains and animal feeds. These mycotoxins, including AFB1, DON, and ZEN, are widespread in agricultural products and animal feed. AFB1 is considered the most potent and harmful aflatoxin, produced as a secondary metabolite by *Aspergillus flavus* and *Aspergillus parasiticus* fungi. This mycotoxin is recognized for its detrimental effects on both humans and animals. When AFB1 is encountered, the liver is the primary organ impacted. ZEN is a myThe presence of mycotoxins and their masked forms in chicken feed poses significant threats to both productivity and health. This review examines the multifaceted impacts of mycotoxins on various aspects of chicken well-being, including feed efficiency, growth, immunity, antioxidants, blood biochemistry, and internal organs. Mycotoxins, toxic substances produced by fungi, can exert detrimental effects even at low levels of contamination. The hidden or masked forms of mycotoxins further complicate the situation as they are not easily detected by conventional methods but can be converted into their toxic forms during digestion. Consequently, chickens are exposed to mycotoxin-related risks despite apparently low mycotoxin levels. The consequences of mycotoxin exposure in chickens include reduced feed efficiency, compromised growth rates, impaired immune function, altered antioxidant levels, disturbances in blood biochemical parameters, and adverse effects on internal organs. To mitigate these impacts, effective management strategies are essential, such as routine monitoring of feed ingredients and finished feeds, adherence to proper storage practices, and the implementation of feed detoxification methods and mycotoxin binders. Raising awareness of these hidden hazards is crucial for safeguarding chicken productivity and health. mycotoxins; masked; chicken productivity; immunity; antioxidants; blood; internal organs Mycotoxins have been recognized as a longstanding threat to animal health, produced by fungi such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium. While extensive research has been conducted, our understanding of the impact of these complex substances and their modified forms on poultry remains limited. Effects on poultry include reduced feed intake, growth performance, immunity, antioxidant status, blood parameters, and organ damage. Mycotoxins and their masked forms have been associated with increased mortality, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and organ damage. The significance of mycotoxins on public health is still a topic of ongoing discussion, beyond their negative influences on poultry productivity and well-being. Mycotoxins exhibit structural variations due to their diverse origins, resulting in significant differences in their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) are commonly encountered mycotoxins that often co-occur in grains and animal feeds. These mycotoxins, including AFB1, DON, and ZEN, are widespread in agricultural products and animal feed. AFB1 is considered the most potent and harmful aflatoxin, produced as a secondary metabolite by *Aspergillus flavus* and *Aspergillus parasiticus* fungi. This mycotoxin is recognized for its detrimental effects on both humans and animals. When AFB1 is encountered, the liver is the primary organ impacted. ZEN is a my
Reach us at info@study.space
[slides] Hidden Hazards Revealed%3A Mycotoxins and Their Masked Forms in Poultry | StudySpace