May 2024 | J. Reiner, Y. Chung, S. H. Misha, C. Lehner, C. Moehle, D. Poulos, S. Monir, K. J. Charde, P. Macha, L. Kranz, I. Thorvaldson, B. Thorgrimsson, D. Keith, Y. L. Hsueh, R. Rahman, S. K. Gorman, J. G. Keizer & M. Y. Simmons
This article presents a high-fidelity initialization and control method for electron and nuclear spins in a four-qubit register using the hyperfine interaction. The study demonstrates the use of electric dipole spin resonance (EDSR) to achieve high-fidelity initialization of nuclear spins in a silicon-based multi-nuclear spin register. By initializing the nuclear spins to the state $ \downarrow\downarrow\downarrow\downarrow $, the researchers achieved single-electron qubit gate fidelities of $ F = 99.78 \pm 0.07\% $ (Clifford gate fidelities of $ 99.58 \pm 0.14\% $), exceeding the fault-tolerant threshold for surface code quantum computing with a coherence time of $ T_{2}^{*} = 12 \mu s $.
The research focuses on phosphorus donor atoms in silicon, which have shown rapid progress in quantum computing. The hyperfine interaction between electron and nuclear spins is a key mechanism for control and manipulation in these systems. The study addresses the importance of the hyperfine interaction for initializing and controlling electron and nuclear spins in multi-qubit registers, essential for large-scale quantum computing. The researchers developed a deterministic protocol for initializing all nuclear spins in a four-qubit register using the hyperfine interaction, which allows for high-fidelity initialization and control of both electron and nuclear spins.
The study also discusses the advantages of phosphorus donor atoms in silicon for multi-nuclear spin registers, including long spin relaxation times, tunable exchange coupling, and fast two-qubit gate operations. The researchers used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) hydrogen lithography to pattern multi-donor quantum dots and demonstrated the operation of their multi-nuclear spin qubit registers. The results show that the hyperfine-mediated EDSR mechanism can be used to enact controlled-multi-qubit SWAP gates, enabling robust initialization of nuclear spins in the four-qubit register.
The study also highlights the importance of high-fidelity control of electron spin qubits in multi-nuclear spin registers, demonstrating coherent control of the electron spin qubit with a dephasing time of $ T_{2}^{*} = 12 \mu s $ and gate fidelities exceeding 99%. The researchers performed randomized benchmarking to determine the Clifford gate fidelity, achieving an average fidelity of $ 99.58 \pm 0.14\% $, which is above the threshold for fault-tolerant surface code error correction. The study concludes that the high-fidelity initialization and control of electron and nuclear spins in a four-qubit register is a significant step towards the development of large-scale quantum computers.This article presents a high-fidelity initialization and control method for electron and nuclear spins in a four-qubit register using the hyperfine interaction. The study demonstrates the use of electric dipole spin resonance (EDSR) to achieve high-fidelity initialization of nuclear spins in a silicon-based multi-nuclear spin register. By initializing the nuclear spins to the state $ \downarrow\downarrow\downarrow\downarrow $, the researchers achieved single-electron qubit gate fidelities of $ F = 99.78 \pm 0.07\% $ (Clifford gate fidelities of $ 99.58 \pm 0.14\% $), exceeding the fault-tolerant threshold for surface code quantum computing with a coherence time of $ T_{2}^{*} = 12 \mu s $.
The research focuses on phosphorus donor atoms in silicon, which have shown rapid progress in quantum computing. The hyperfine interaction between electron and nuclear spins is a key mechanism for control and manipulation in these systems. The study addresses the importance of the hyperfine interaction for initializing and controlling electron and nuclear spins in multi-qubit registers, essential for large-scale quantum computing. The researchers developed a deterministic protocol for initializing all nuclear spins in a four-qubit register using the hyperfine interaction, which allows for high-fidelity initialization and control of both electron and nuclear spins.
The study also discusses the advantages of phosphorus donor atoms in silicon for multi-nuclear spin registers, including long spin relaxation times, tunable exchange coupling, and fast two-qubit gate operations. The researchers used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) hydrogen lithography to pattern multi-donor quantum dots and demonstrated the operation of their multi-nuclear spin qubit registers. The results show that the hyperfine-mediated EDSR mechanism can be used to enact controlled-multi-qubit SWAP gates, enabling robust initialization of nuclear spins in the four-qubit register.
The study also highlights the importance of high-fidelity control of electron spin qubits in multi-nuclear spin registers, demonstrating coherent control of the electron spin qubit with a dephasing time of $ T_{2}^{*} = 12 \mu s $ and gate fidelities exceeding 99%. The researchers performed randomized benchmarking to determine the Clifford gate fidelity, achieving an average fidelity of $ 99.58 \pm 0.14\% $, which is above the threshold for fault-tolerant surface code error correction. The study concludes that the high-fidelity initialization and control of electron and nuclear spins in a four-qubit register is a significant step towards the development of large-scale quantum computers.