This paper introduces a new set of high-quality historical and real-time climate analyses for Australia, developed to improve the understanding of past climate variability and recent climate trends. The analyses cover rainfall, temperature (maximum and minimum), and vapour pressure at daily and monthly scales, using robust topography-resolving methods that produce 0.05° × 0.05° (approximately 5 km × 5 km) grid resolutions. These methods are similar to those used internationally but have been adapted to better suit the Australian context. The analyses are based on in situ observations and are complemented by remotely sensed and model-derived data. The data are available in real-time and are expected to support ongoing monitoring of Australia's surface climate variability and change by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. The paper details the development of these analyses, including the use of geostatistical techniques, anomaly-based methods, and smoothing splines, and discusses the accuracy and limitations of the resulting datasets. The analyses show significant improvements over current operational systems, particularly in regions with significant topography, and provide valuable tools for understanding climate change and resource management in Australia.This paper introduces a new set of high-quality historical and real-time climate analyses for Australia, developed to improve the understanding of past climate variability and recent climate trends. The analyses cover rainfall, temperature (maximum and minimum), and vapour pressure at daily and monthly scales, using robust topography-resolving methods that produce 0.05° × 0.05° (approximately 5 km × 5 km) grid resolutions. These methods are similar to those used internationally but have been adapted to better suit the Australian context. The analyses are based on in situ observations and are complemented by remotely sensed and model-derived data. The data are available in real-time and are expected to support ongoing monitoring of Australia's surface climate variability and change by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. The paper details the development of these analyses, including the use of geostatistical techniques, anomaly-based methods, and smoothing splines, and discusses the accuracy and limitations of the resulting datasets. The analyses show significant improvements over current operational systems, particularly in regions with significant topography, and provide valuable tools for understanding climate change and resource management in Australia.