The article "How Should Beta-Diversity Inform Biodiversity Conservation?" by Jacob B. Socolar, James J. Gilroy, William E. Kunin, and David P. Edwards, published in *Trends in Ecology and Evolution*, discusses the importance of beta-diversity in conservation science. Beta-diversity, which measures the variation in species composition between different sites, is crucial for understanding how biodiversity is organized spatially and for informing conservation planning. The authors review how human activities such as farming, urbanization, species invasions, overhunting, and climate change impact beta-diversity, and how these impacts can increase, decrease, or remain unchanged depending on the balance of processes causing biotic heterogenization or homogenization. The article highlights the need to define and measure beta-diversity appropriately, using appropriate metrics and spatial scales to match specific conservation problems. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanisms behind beta-diversity maintenance, such as null model controls and pairwise dissimilarities, to develop effective conservation actions. The authors discuss the application of beta-diversity in various conservation contexts, including protected area selection, corridor creation, and land-use practices like land-sharing versus land-sparing. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to better understand how beta-diversity responds to different human activities and disturbances, and to develop rules of thumb for interpreting alpha-scale studies at larger spatial scales. It calls for increased engagement between conservation scientists and policymakers to ensure that beta-diversity insights are effectively translated into practical conservation decisions.The article "How Should Beta-Diversity Inform Biodiversity Conservation?" by Jacob B. Socolar, James J. Gilroy, William E. Kunin, and David P. Edwards, published in *Trends in Ecology and Evolution*, discusses the importance of beta-diversity in conservation science. Beta-diversity, which measures the variation in species composition between different sites, is crucial for understanding how biodiversity is organized spatially and for informing conservation planning. The authors review how human activities such as farming, urbanization, species invasions, overhunting, and climate change impact beta-diversity, and how these impacts can increase, decrease, or remain unchanged depending on the balance of processes causing biotic heterogenization or homogenization. The article highlights the need to define and measure beta-diversity appropriately, using appropriate metrics and spatial scales to match specific conservation problems. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanisms behind beta-diversity maintenance, such as null model controls and pairwise dissimilarities, to develop effective conservation actions. The authors discuss the application of beta-diversity in various conservation contexts, including protected area selection, corridor creation, and land-use practices like land-sharing versus land-sparing. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to better understand how beta-diversity responds to different human activities and disturbances, and to develop rules of thumb for interpreting alpha-scale studies at larger spatial scales. It calls for increased engagement between conservation scientists and policymakers to ensure that beta-diversity insights are effectively translated into practical conservation decisions.