5 February 2016 | Sara S. McMillan · Michelle King · Mary P. Tully
The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) and Delphi Technique are consensus methods used in research aimed at problem-solving, idea-generation, or determining priorities. While these methods are commonly used in health services literature, they are less frequently applied in pharmacy practice. This paper provides an overview of both techniques, including their steps, research questions they are best suited for, and examples from the pharmacy literature.
The NGT involves face-to-face group discussions in small groups and consists of four stages: silent generation, round robin, clarification, and voting. It is useful for exploring consumer and stakeholder views. The Delphi Technique, on the other hand, uses a multistage self-completed questionnaire with individual feedback to achieve consensus from a larger group of experts. It is commonly used to develop guidelines with health professionals.
The choice between NGT and Delphi depends on factors such as the research question, the perception of consensus required, and practical considerations like time and geography. The NGT is more suitable for idea generation and requires face-to-face meetings, while the Delphi Technique is more flexible and can be conducted remotely, but may take longer to complete.
Both methods have limitations. The NGT requires participants to attend meetings, which may be difficult to organize, while the Delphi Technique can take weeks or months to complete, especially with multiple rounds. The NGT provides prompt results, making it suitable for researchers needing quick feedback, whereas the Delphi Technique allows for more extensive analysis and consensus building.
In pharmacy research, both techniques have been applied to develop guidelines, explore opinions of health professionals, lay people, and carers, and identify attributes for pharmacy students. The Delphi Technique has also been used to determine indicators for assessing prescribing appropriateness and quality.
Experts in consensus methods are those with knowledge about the topic. They may include healthcare professionals, lay people, or other stakeholders. The choice of experts depends on the research aims and the type of consensus required.
The NGT is more commonly used with lay people, while the Delphi Technique is more suitable for involving a larger group of experts. Both techniques have their strengths and are suited to different research contexts. The NGT is more suitable for quick results, while the Delphi Technique is better for in-depth analysis and consensus building. The choice between the two methods depends on the research objectives and the desired outcome.The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) and Delphi Technique are consensus methods used in research aimed at problem-solving, idea-generation, or determining priorities. While these methods are commonly used in health services literature, they are less frequently applied in pharmacy practice. This paper provides an overview of both techniques, including their steps, research questions they are best suited for, and examples from the pharmacy literature.
The NGT involves face-to-face group discussions in small groups and consists of four stages: silent generation, round robin, clarification, and voting. It is useful for exploring consumer and stakeholder views. The Delphi Technique, on the other hand, uses a multistage self-completed questionnaire with individual feedback to achieve consensus from a larger group of experts. It is commonly used to develop guidelines with health professionals.
The choice between NGT and Delphi depends on factors such as the research question, the perception of consensus required, and practical considerations like time and geography. The NGT is more suitable for idea generation and requires face-to-face meetings, while the Delphi Technique is more flexible and can be conducted remotely, but may take longer to complete.
Both methods have limitations. The NGT requires participants to attend meetings, which may be difficult to organize, while the Delphi Technique can take weeks or months to complete, especially with multiple rounds. The NGT provides prompt results, making it suitable for researchers needing quick feedback, whereas the Delphi Technique allows for more extensive analysis and consensus building.
In pharmacy research, both techniques have been applied to develop guidelines, explore opinions of health professionals, lay people, and carers, and identify attributes for pharmacy students. The Delphi Technique has also been used to determine indicators for assessing prescribing appropriateness and quality.
Experts in consensus methods are those with knowledge about the topic. They may include healthcare professionals, lay people, or other stakeholders. The choice of experts depends on the research aims and the type of consensus required.
The NGT is more commonly used with lay people, while the Delphi Technique is more suitable for involving a larger group of experts. Both techniques have their strengths and are suited to different research contexts. The NGT is more suitable for quick results, while the Delphi Technique is better for in-depth analysis and consensus building. The choice between the two methods depends on the research objectives and the desired outcome.