The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection globally, with most infections clearing spontaneously within two years. However, persistent infections can lead to a range of diseases, including genital warts and cancers of the cervix, anus, and oropharynx. HPV is a significant cause of cervical cancer, which is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Screening for HPV and cervical cancer is available but not universally accessible, especially in low-resource settings. HPV disproportionately affects individuals living with HIV, leading to decreased clearance rates, increased cancer development, and higher mortality. The development of the HPV vaccine has significantly reduced HPV-related diseases, with near 100% efficacy in preventing cervical cancer when administered before the first sexual activity. Despite this, vaccination uptake remains low worldwide due to lack of access and limited awareness. Increasing awareness and improving access to vaccination are crucial to reducing HPV-related morbidity and mortality globally.The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection globally, with most infections clearing spontaneously within two years. However, persistent infections can lead to a range of diseases, including genital warts and cancers of the cervix, anus, and oropharynx. HPV is a significant cause of cervical cancer, which is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Screening for HPV and cervical cancer is available but not universally accessible, especially in low-resource settings. HPV disproportionately affects individuals living with HIV, leading to decreased clearance rates, increased cancer development, and higher mortality. The development of the HPV vaccine has significantly reduced HPV-related diseases, with near 100% efficacy in preventing cervical cancer when administered before the first sexual activity. Despite this, vaccination uptake remains low worldwide due to lack of access and limited awareness. Increasing awareness and improving access to vaccination are crucial to reducing HPV-related morbidity and mortality globally.