The article reviews the emerging biomedical applications of hybrid cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (hybrid CNPs), which are coated with membranes from diverse cell types to enhance multifunctionality and multitasking capabilities. The review highlights the following key areas: 1. **Drug Targeting**: Hybrid CNPs, such as those coated with RBC and PLT membranes, have been developed for targeted drug delivery. These nanoparticles leverage the immune evasion properties of RBC membranes and the targeting capabilities of PLT membranes to improve drug efficacy in various diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disorders. 2. **Immune Modulation**: Hybrid CNPs combining cancer cell membranes with other cell types, such as dendritic cells (DCs) or bacterial outer membranes (OMs), have shown enhanced immune activation and vaccine potency. These hybrid nanoparticles can present tumor antigens and adjuvants, leading to better immune responses and cancer treatment outcomes. 3. **Biological Neutralization**: Hybrid CNPs coated with RBC-PLT membranes have demonstrated effective neutralization of toxins and pathogens. The RBC membrane provides immune stealth, while the PLT membrane targets and binds to harmful molecules, enhancing the overall therapeutic efficacy. 4. **Disease Diagnosis**: Hybrid CNPs have been used for the detection and isolation of rare cells, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and fetal nucleated red blood cells (fNRBCs). These nanoparticles combine the specific binding properties of cancer cell membranes with the magnetic properties of magnetic beads, improving the specificity and efficiency of cell isolation. The review emphasizes the synergistic effects of hybridizing different cell membranes, which enhance the therapeutic potential of CNPs in various biomedical applications. The insights provided in this article can inspire novel designs and further advancements in the field of hybrid CNPs.The article reviews the emerging biomedical applications of hybrid cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (hybrid CNPs), which are coated with membranes from diverse cell types to enhance multifunctionality and multitasking capabilities. The review highlights the following key areas: 1. **Drug Targeting**: Hybrid CNPs, such as those coated with RBC and PLT membranes, have been developed for targeted drug delivery. These nanoparticles leverage the immune evasion properties of RBC membranes and the targeting capabilities of PLT membranes to improve drug efficacy in various diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disorders. 2. **Immune Modulation**: Hybrid CNPs combining cancer cell membranes with other cell types, such as dendritic cells (DCs) or bacterial outer membranes (OMs), have shown enhanced immune activation and vaccine potency. These hybrid nanoparticles can present tumor antigens and adjuvants, leading to better immune responses and cancer treatment outcomes. 3. **Biological Neutralization**: Hybrid CNPs coated with RBC-PLT membranes have demonstrated effective neutralization of toxins and pathogens. The RBC membrane provides immune stealth, while the PLT membrane targets and binds to harmful molecules, enhancing the overall therapeutic efficacy. 4. **Disease Diagnosis**: Hybrid CNPs have been used for the detection and isolation of rare cells, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and fetal nucleated red blood cells (fNRBCs). These nanoparticles combine the specific binding properties of cancer cell membranes with the magnetic properties of magnetic beads, improving the specificity and efficiency of cell isolation. The review emphasizes the synergistic effects of hybridizing different cell membranes, which enhance the therapeutic potential of CNPs in various biomedical applications. The insights provided in this article can inspire novel designs and further advancements in the field of hybrid CNPs.