Hybrid oxide coatings generate stable Cu catalysts for CO₂ electroreduction

Hybrid oxide coatings generate stable Cu catalysts for CO₂ electroreduction

May 2024 | Petru P. Albertini, Mark A. Newton, Min Wang, Ona Segura Lecina, Philippe B. Green, Dragos C. Stoian, Emad Oveisi, Anna Loiudice & Raffaella Buonsanti
This study presents a novel approach to create stable copper (Cu) catalysts for electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) using hybrid organic/inorganic materials. The researchers developed a hybrid material where an amorphous oxide coating with embedded organic ligands surrounds metallic Cu nanocrystals (NCs). This coating prevents structural reconstruction of the Cu during CO₂ electroreduction, maintaining catalytic activity. The hybrid coating consists of Cu NCs encapsulated in a hybrid organic/inorganic alumina shell, which locks a fraction of the Cu surface into a reduction-resistant Cu²⁺ state, inhibiting redox processes that cause structural changes. The synthetic tunability of this approach allows for the design of stable electrocatalysts for CO₂ electroreduction. The hybrid material was synthesized using a colloidal atomic layer deposition (c-ALD) method, which enables precise control over the thickness and morphology of the oxide shell. The shell's Lewis acidity plays a crucial role in maintaining the catalyst's structure. The study demonstrates that the hybrid coating significantly enhances the stability of the Cu catalysts compared to conventional dense alumina coatings. The Cu@AlOx NCs showed high selectivity for methane production and maintained their structure during CO₂ electroreduction, unlike conventional Cu NCs that undergo rapid reconstruction. The study also reveals that the hybrid coating's structural and chemical properties, including the presence of organic ligands, contribute to the stability of the catalyst. The hybrid material's ability to maintain the Cu²⁺ state and prevent structural changes is attributed to the interaction between the Cu and the alumina shell, which enhances surface adhesion and reduces the likelihood of intermediate-induced dissolution during CO₂ electroreduction. The research highlights the potential of hybrid organic/inorganic materials in developing stable and active electrocatalysts for CO₂ electroreduction. The findings suggest that by tuning the Lewis acidity of the metal oxide coating and the microenvironment, the selectivity of the catalyst can be manipulated. The study also opens new avenues for the design of stable electrocatalysts for CO₂ electroreduction and other applications. The results demonstrate that the hybrid material platform can be generalized to other oxides, organics, and metal surfaces, offering a promising approach for the development of stable and active catalysts for CO₂ electroreduction.This study presents a novel approach to create stable copper (Cu) catalysts for electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) using hybrid organic/inorganic materials. The researchers developed a hybrid material where an amorphous oxide coating with embedded organic ligands surrounds metallic Cu nanocrystals (NCs). This coating prevents structural reconstruction of the Cu during CO₂ electroreduction, maintaining catalytic activity. The hybrid coating consists of Cu NCs encapsulated in a hybrid organic/inorganic alumina shell, which locks a fraction of the Cu surface into a reduction-resistant Cu²⁺ state, inhibiting redox processes that cause structural changes. The synthetic tunability of this approach allows for the design of stable electrocatalysts for CO₂ electroreduction. The hybrid material was synthesized using a colloidal atomic layer deposition (c-ALD) method, which enables precise control over the thickness and morphology of the oxide shell. The shell's Lewis acidity plays a crucial role in maintaining the catalyst's structure. The study demonstrates that the hybrid coating significantly enhances the stability of the Cu catalysts compared to conventional dense alumina coatings. The Cu@AlOx NCs showed high selectivity for methane production and maintained their structure during CO₂ electroreduction, unlike conventional Cu NCs that undergo rapid reconstruction. The study also reveals that the hybrid coating's structural and chemical properties, including the presence of organic ligands, contribute to the stability of the catalyst. The hybrid material's ability to maintain the Cu²⁺ state and prevent structural changes is attributed to the interaction between the Cu and the alumina shell, which enhances surface adhesion and reduces the likelihood of intermediate-induced dissolution during CO₂ electroreduction. The research highlights the potential of hybrid organic/inorganic materials in developing stable and active electrocatalysts for CO₂ electroreduction. The findings suggest that by tuning the Lewis acidity of the metal oxide coating and the microenvironment, the selectivity of the catalyst can be manipulated. The study also opens new avenues for the design of stable electrocatalysts for CO₂ electroreduction and other applications. The results demonstrate that the hybrid material platform can be generalized to other oxides, organics, and metal surfaces, offering a promising approach for the development of stable and active catalysts for CO₂ electroreduction.
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