Hydrogen is a promising synthetic fuel due to its lightweight, abundance, and environmentally benign oxidation product (water). However, storage remains a challenge. This review discusses recent developments in hydrogen storage materials for mobile applications. Hydrogen can be stored in various forms, including mechanical, electric, chemical, and nuclear energy. Chemical energy is based on the energy of unpaired outer electrons, and hydrogen has the highest ratio of valence electrons to protons, making it highly efficient for energy storage. Hydrogen is the most abundant element on Earth, but most is chemically bound as H2O or in hydrocarbons. Clean hydrogen production involves using sunlight and water electrolysis. The chemical energy per mass of hydrogen is significantly higher than that of other fuels. However, hydrogen storage is challenging due to its low density and high volatility. Current storage methods include high-pressure tanks, liquid hydrogen, and metal hydrides. High-pressure tanks are unsafe and require special coatings, while liquid hydrogen is prone to evaporation and requires cryogenic storage. Metal hydrides offer a promising solution, as they can store hydrogen at moderate pressures and temperatures. However, their hydrogen content is limited, and further research is needed to improve their performance. Hydrogen adsorption on solids with high surface area, such as carbon nanotubes and activated carbon, is also being explored. These materials can store hydrogen at high densities, but their reversibility and stability are still under investigation. Light hydrides, such as alanates and other light elements, show potential for hydrogen storage. However, their desorption temperatures and reversibility are still not fully understood. Composite materials combining the advantages of different components are being developed to improve hydrogen storage capacity and efficiency. The future of hydrogen storage depends on the development of new materials and technologies that can provide safe, efficient, and cost-effective storage solutions. Research is ongoing to improve the performance of metal hydrides, carbon nanotubes, and other materials, with the goal of achieving practical hydrogen storage for mobile applications. The review highlights the importance of continued research in this area to support the transition to sustainable energy systems.Hydrogen is a promising synthetic fuel due to its lightweight, abundance, and environmentally benign oxidation product (water). However, storage remains a challenge. This review discusses recent developments in hydrogen storage materials for mobile applications. Hydrogen can be stored in various forms, including mechanical, electric, chemical, and nuclear energy. Chemical energy is based on the energy of unpaired outer electrons, and hydrogen has the highest ratio of valence electrons to protons, making it highly efficient for energy storage. Hydrogen is the most abundant element on Earth, but most is chemically bound as H2O or in hydrocarbons. Clean hydrogen production involves using sunlight and water electrolysis. The chemical energy per mass of hydrogen is significantly higher than that of other fuels. However, hydrogen storage is challenging due to its low density and high volatility. Current storage methods include high-pressure tanks, liquid hydrogen, and metal hydrides. High-pressure tanks are unsafe and require special coatings, while liquid hydrogen is prone to evaporation and requires cryogenic storage. Metal hydrides offer a promising solution, as they can store hydrogen at moderate pressures and temperatures. However, their hydrogen content is limited, and further research is needed to improve their performance. Hydrogen adsorption on solids with high surface area, such as carbon nanotubes and activated carbon, is also being explored. These materials can store hydrogen at high densities, but their reversibility and stability are still under investigation. Light hydrides, such as alanates and other light elements, show potential for hydrogen storage. However, their desorption temperatures and reversibility are still not fully understood. Composite materials combining the advantages of different components are being developed to improve hydrogen storage capacity and efficiency. The future of hydrogen storage depends on the development of new materials and technologies that can provide safe, efficient, and cost-effective storage solutions. Research is ongoing to improve the performance of metal hydrides, carbon nanotubes, and other materials, with the goal of achieving practical hydrogen storage for mobile applications. The review highlights the importance of continued research in this area to support the transition to sustainable energy systems.