Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a signaling molecule in plants that plays a crucial role in plant response to temperature stress, including high temperature (HT) and low temperature (LT). H₂S is synthesized and degraded in plant cells through enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways, maintaining homeostasis. It exerts physiological functions by modifying target proteins through persulfidation. H₂S signaling is involved in various physiological processes, including cell metabolism, seed germination, plant growth, and response to environmental stresses. Under HT and LT stress, H₂S helps plants by restoring biomembrane integrity, synthesizing stress proteins, enhancing antioxidant systems, and improving water homeostasis. It also regulates Ca²⁺ homeostasis and acid-base balance. H₂S interacts with other signaling molecules such as calcium ions, nitric oxide, and phytohormones to modulate plant responses to temperature stress. These interactions are essential for plant survival under extreme temperature conditions. The study highlights the importance of H₂S in plant temperature stress tolerance and its potential application in developing temperature-stress-resistant crops for sustainable agriculture.Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a signaling molecule in plants that plays a crucial role in plant response to temperature stress, including high temperature (HT) and low temperature (LT). H₂S is synthesized and degraded in plant cells through enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways, maintaining homeostasis. It exerts physiological functions by modifying target proteins through persulfidation. H₂S signaling is involved in various physiological processes, including cell metabolism, seed germination, plant growth, and response to environmental stresses. Under HT and LT stress, H₂S helps plants by restoring biomembrane integrity, synthesizing stress proteins, enhancing antioxidant systems, and improving water homeostasis. It also regulates Ca²⁺ homeostasis and acid-base balance. H₂S interacts with other signaling molecules such as calcium ions, nitric oxide, and phytohormones to modulate plant responses to temperature stress. These interactions are essential for plant survival under extreme temperature conditions. The study highlights the importance of H₂S in plant temperature stress tolerance and its potential application in developing temperature-stress-resistant crops for sustainable agriculture.