This study examines the warming in the tropical upper troposphere using satellite-derived deep-layer temperatures from 1979 to 2010, comparing them with General Circulation Model (GCM) predictions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) GCMs predict a warming that increases with height, peaks at around 200 hPa, and decreases near the tropical tropopause. However, the study finds that these models exaggerate the increase in static stability between the tropical middle and upper troposphere over the past three decades. The analysis of temperature trends in the upper and lower-middle troposphere (T24-T2LT) shows that while both observations and models indicate a warming trend, the observed trends are significantly smaller than those predicted by the models. Specifically, the trends from the Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) and University of Alabama at Huntsville (UAH) datasets are 0.014 ± 0.017 K/decade and 0.005 ± 0.016 K/decade, respectively, compared to the multi-model ensemble mean trend of 0.051 ± 0.007 K/decade. The study concludes that the significant positive trends in T24-T2LT from AR4 GCMs are not supported by observations, suggesting that the models may have common errors or biases in their representation of tropical tropospheric warming.This study examines the warming in the tropical upper troposphere using satellite-derived deep-layer temperatures from 1979 to 2010, comparing them with General Circulation Model (GCM) predictions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) GCMs predict a warming that increases with height, peaks at around 200 hPa, and decreases near the tropical tropopause. However, the study finds that these models exaggerate the increase in static stability between the tropical middle and upper troposphere over the past three decades. The analysis of temperature trends in the upper and lower-middle troposphere (T24-T2LT) shows that while both observations and models indicate a warming trend, the observed trends are significantly smaller than those predicted by the models. Specifically, the trends from the Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) and University of Alabama at Huntsville (UAH) datasets are 0.014 ± 0.017 K/decade and 0.005 ± 0.016 K/decade, respectively, compared to the multi-model ensemble mean trend of 0.051 ± 0.007 K/decade. The study concludes that the significant positive trends in T24-T2LT from AR4 GCMs are not supported by observations, suggesting that the models may have common errors or biases in their representation of tropical tropospheric warming.