This article reports on the development of dementia and biomarker changes in recipients of cadaveric pituitary-derived growth hormone (c-hGH), suggesting the possibility of iatrogenic Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study highlights that c-hGH recipients who did not die from iatrogenic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (iCJD) may still develop AD. The authors describe eight individuals who developed dementia and biomarker changes consistent with AD, five of whom had early-onset dementia. These cases, treated with c-hGH prepared using the Hartree-modified Wilhelmi preparation (HWP), showed evidence of Aβ transmission in mice and exhibited clinical phenotypes distinct from sporadic and inherited AD. The authors conclude that iatrogenic AD is a rare but real condition, emphasizing the need for measures to prevent accidental transmissions via medical and surgical procedures. They also discuss the potential role of Aβ strains in the phenotypic diversity of iatrogenic AD and the implications for therapeutic strategies targeting disease-related Aβ assemblies.This article reports on the development of dementia and biomarker changes in recipients of cadaveric pituitary-derived growth hormone (c-hGH), suggesting the possibility of iatrogenic Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study highlights that c-hGH recipients who did not die from iatrogenic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (iCJD) may still develop AD. The authors describe eight individuals who developed dementia and biomarker changes consistent with AD, five of whom had early-onset dementia. These cases, treated with c-hGH prepared using the Hartree-modified Wilhelmi preparation (HWP), showed evidence of Aβ transmission in mice and exhibited clinical phenotypes distinct from sporadic and inherited AD. The authors conclude that iatrogenic AD is a rare but real condition, emphasizing the need for measures to prevent accidental transmissions via medical and surgical procedures. They also discuss the potential role of Aβ strains in the phenotypic diversity of iatrogenic AD and the implications for therapeutic strategies targeting disease-related Aβ assemblies.