3 Apr 2015 | M. Hafezi *, 1 S. Mittal, 1 J. Fan, 1 A. Migdall, 1 and J. M. Taylor 1
The paper presents the first experimental realization of topological edge states in a two-dimensional photonic system using synthetic magnetic fields at room temperature. The authors fabricate a two-dimensional array of coupled optical ring resonators on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer, where the design of the waveguides simulates a magnetic field for photons. They observe robust edge states of light, which are insensitive to intrinsic and introduced disorder, demonstrating the feasibility of using photonics to realize topological order in both non-interacting and many-body regimes. The synthetic gauge potential is achieved through an induced pseudo-spin-orbit interaction, where the time-reversed pair of resonator modes acts as pseudo-spins. The experimental setup allows for the direct observation of the wave function via optical imaging, showing that light propagates along the system edges and maintains its profile over a broad band, indicating robustness against disorder. The edge states are also shown to be protected against introduced disorder, as demonstrated by the light bypassing a missing resonator on the edge. This work opens new avenues for studying different types of magnetic fields and topological orders with photons in the non-interacting regime, as well as exploring many-body physics by integrating strong nonlinearity.The paper presents the first experimental realization of topological edge states in a two-dimensional photonic system using synthetic magnetic fields at room temperature. The authors fabricate a two-dimensional array of coupled optical ring resonators on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer, where the design of the waveguides simulates a magnetic field for photons. They observe robust edge states of light, which are insensitive to intrinsic and introduced disorder, demonstrating the feasibility of using photonics to realize topological order in both non-interacting and many-body regimes. The synthetic gauge potential is achieved through an induced pseudo-spin-orbit interaction, where the time-reversed pair of resonator modes acts as pseudo-spins. The experimental setup allows for the direct observation of the wave function via optical imaging, showing that light propagates along the system edges and maintains its profile over a broad band, indicating robustness against disorder. The edge states are also shown to be protected against introduced disorder, as demonstrated by the light bypassing a missing resonator on the edge. This work opens new avenues for studying different types of magnetic fields and topological orders with photons in the non-interacting regime, as well as exploring many-body physics by integrating strong nonlinearity.