This review article explores the critical role of efficient energy storage solutions, particularly battery technologies, in off-grid renewable energy systems. It highlights the inherent variability and intermittency of renewable sources like solar and wind, emphasizing the need for reliable energy storage solutions to balance supply and demand while maintaining grid stability. The review compares lead-acid and lithium batteries, discussing their characteristics, safety, advantages, and key factors such as cycle life, power density, energy density, efficiency, and cost. It also examines future trends, emerging technologies, and research directions. The study aims to provide a comprehensive approach to help decision-makers in developing nations make informed choices regarding the adoption of battery storage solutions, considering both performance and cost. The review concludes that each battery technology offers unique advantages, and the choice should be based on the specific application and project requirements, prioritizing the option with the lowest total cost of ownership.This review article explores the critical role of efficient energy storage solutions, particularly battery technologies, in off-grid renewable energy systems. It highlights the inherent variability and intermittency of renewable sources like solar and wind, emphasizing the need for reliable energy storage solutions to balance supply and demand while maintaining grid stability. The review compares lead-acid and lithium batteries, discussing their characteristics, safety, advantages, and key factors such as cycle life, power density, energy density, efficiency, and cost. It also examines future trends, emerging technologies, and research directions. The study aims to provide a comprehensive approach to help decision-makers in developing nations make informed choices regarding the adoption of battery storage solutions, considering both performance and cost. The review concludes that each battery technology offers unique advantages, and the choice should be based on the specific application and project requirements, prioritizing the option with the lowest total cost of ownership.