This paper reviews the effects of low doses of bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used chemical, on laboratory animals, particularly focusing on mammalian model organisms such as rats and mice. BPA has been shown to act as an endocrine disruptor, mimicking estrogen and affecting various physiological processes. The review highlights that while many effects of BPA are similar to those seen with other estrogenic compounds, the potency of BPA is generally much lower. The authors discuss the confidence levels they have in the observed outcomes of low-dose BPA exposure, particularly regarding its impact on the male reproductive tract, brain, and metabolic processes. They also consider the potential effects on the female reproductive system and immune system, noting that further confirmation is needed for some of these effects. The paper emphasizes the importance of proper experimental design, including the use of appropriate controls and the consideration of species-specific differences in sensitivity. The review covers a wide range of effects, including changes in neurotransmitter receptors, neuroendocrine function, brain structure, behavior, and metabolic processes, providing a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of BPA's effects in laboratory animals.This paper reviews the effects of low doses of bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used chemical, on laboratory animals, particularly focusing on mammalian model organisms such as rats and mice. BPA has been shown to act as an endocrine disruptor, mimicking estrogen and affecting various physiological processes. The review highlights that while many effects of BPA are similar to those seen with other estrogenic compounds, the potency of BPA is generally much lower. The authors discuss the confidence levels they have in the observed outcomes of low-dose BPA exposure, particularly regarding its impact on the male reproductive tract, brain, and metabolic processes. They also consider the potential effects on the female reproductive system and immune system, noting that further confirmation is needed for some of these effects. The paper emphasizes the importance of proper experimental design, including the use of appropriate controls and the consideration of species-specific differences in sensitivity. The review covers a wide range of effects, including changes in neurotransmitter receptors, neuroendocrine function, brain structure, behavior, and metabolic processes, providing a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of BPA's effects in laboratory animals.