The incidence and mortality of hip fractures in the United States are significant public health concerns, with about 30% of patients dying within a year and many experiencing long-term functional loss. The financial burden is also substantial, with direct medical costs exceeding $40,000 for the first year and nearly $5,000 in subsequent years. Despite recent stabilizing or decreasing trends in hip fracture incidence, concerns remain due to an aging population. A study analyzing Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MedPAR) data from 1985 to 2005 found that the annual mean number of hip fractures was 957.3 per 100,000 for women and 414.4 per 100,000 for men. The incidence increased from 1986 to 1995 and then declined from 1995 to 2005. Age-adjusted mortality rates decreased for both 30-, 180-, and 360-day periods, with the largest decreases observed in women over 85 years old. Comorbidities among patients with hip fractures increased over time, except for paralysis. The study also examined trends in medication use, noting an increase in bisphosphonate use, which may contribute to the decline in incidence. However, the exact mechanisms behind these trends are not fully understood, and further research is needed to determine their impact on patient and societal welfare.The incidence and mortality of hip fractures in the United States are significant public health concerns, with about 30% of patients dying within a year and many experiencing long-term functional loss. The financial burden is also substantial, with direct medical costs exceeding $40,000 for the first year and nearly $5,000 in subsequent years. Despite recent stabilizing or decreasing trends in hip fracture incidence, concerns remain due to an aging population. A study analyzing Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MedPAR) data from 1985 to 2005 found that the annual mean number of hip fractures was 957.3 per 100,000 for women and 414.4 per 100,000 for men. The incidence increased from 1986 to 1995 and then declined from 1995 to 2005. Age-adjusted mortality rates decreased for both 30-, 180-, and 360-day periods, with the largest decreases observed in women over 85 years old. Comorbidities among patients with hip fractures increased over time, except for paralysis. The study also examined trends in medication use, noting an increase in bisphosphonate use, which may contribute to the decline in incidence. However, the exact mechanisms behind these trends are not fully understood, and further research is needed to determine their impact on patient and societal welfare.