The article provides an overview of the progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology over the past decade, highlighting its significant impact on stem cell biology, regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. Since the initial breakthrough in 2006, iPSC technology has evolved rapidly, allowing for the generation of human iPSCs from somatic cells using a cocktail of transcriptional factors. These iPSCs have been widely used to create disease models, facilitate drug screening, and develop cell therapies. Key advancements include the use of iPSCs for disease modeling, where they can recapitulate disease phenotypes and mechanisms, particularly for monogenic disorders. Gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, have enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of disease modeling by enabling the introduction of specific mutations and the correction of disease-causing genes. 3D organoids have also been developed to better mimic physiological conditions and facilitate drug testing. In drug discovery, iPSC-based platforms have been used for both efficacy and toxicity screening, offering a more reliable and personalized approach compared to traditional target-based screening. For instance, iPSC-derived neurons have been used to model diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and spinal muscular atrophy, leading to the identification of potential drug candidates. Clinical applications of iPSC-derived products, such as retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells for macular degeneration, have shown promising results, although challenges remain, including the risk of tumorigenicity and the need for improved immune tolerance. The article concludes by discussing future perspectives, emphasizing the importance of addressing remaining challenges, such as clonal variation, line-to-line variation, and the ethical considerations of using human iPSC-derived organoids in transplantation. The integration of gene editing and 3D organoid technologies is expected to further enhance the capabilities of iPSC-based platforms in disease modeling and therapy development.The article provides an overview of the progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology over the past decade, highlighting its significant impact on stem cell biology, regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. Since the initial breakthrough in 2006, iPSC technology has evolved rapidly, allowing for the generation of human iPSCs from somatic cells using a cocktail of transcriptional factors. These iPSCs have been widely used to create disease models, facilitate drug screening, and develop cell therapies. Key advancements include the use of iPSCs for disease modeling, where they can recapitulate disease phenotypes and mechanisms, particularly for monogenic disorders. Gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, have enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of disease modeling by enabling the introduction of specific mutations and the correction of disease-causing genes. 3D organoids have also been developed to better mimic physiological conditions and facilitate drug testing. In drug discovery, iPSC-based platforms have been used for both efficacy and toxicity screening, offering a more reliable and personalized approach compared to traditional target-based screening. For instance, iPSC-derived neurons have been used to model diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and spinal muscular atrophy, leading to the identification of potential drug candidates. Clinical applications of iPSC-derived products, such as retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells for macular degeneration, have shown promising results, although challenges remain, including the risk of tumorigenicity and the need for improved immune tolerance. The article concludes by discussing future perspectives, emphasizing the importance of addressing remaining challenges, such as clonal variation, line-to-line variation, and the ethical considerations of using human iPSC-derived organoids in transplantation. The integration of gene editing and 3D organoid technologies is expected to further enhance the capabilities of iPSC-based platforms in disease modeling and therapy development.