This review systematically examines the relationship between inflammation and diabetes complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). It highlights the role of immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines in the pathogenesis of these complications. The review also discusses various therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting inflammation to improve diabetes complications, ranging from traditional remedies to lifestyle changes. Key findings include the activation of immune cells, particularly macrophages, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β1, which contribute to organ damage. Additionally, the review explores the impact of inflammation on insulin resistance (IR) and glucose homeostasis, emphasizing the role of signaling pathways like PI3K/AKT, JNK, and NF-κB. The review concludes by discussing the involvement of inflammation in microvascular and macrovascular complications, providing insights into the mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for diabetes complications.This review systematically examines the relationship between inflammation and diabetes complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). It highlights the role of immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines in the pathogenesis of these complications. The review also discusses various therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting inflammation to improve diabetes complications, ranging from traditional remedies to lifestyle changes. Key findings include the activation of immune cells, particularly macrophages, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β1, which contribute to organ damage. Additionally, the review explores the impact of inflammation on insulin resistance (IR) and glucose homeostasis, emphasizing the role of signaling pathways like PI3K/AKT, JNK, and NF-κB. The review concludes by discussing the involvement of inflammation in microvascular and macrovascular complications, providing insights into the mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for diabetes complications.