2016 | Jean-Christophe Plantin, Carl Lagoze, Paul N. Edwards and Christian Sandvig
The article explores how infrastructure studies and platform studies intersect in the digital age, particularly in the context of Google and Facebook. It argues that these two theoretical approaches, though distinct in origin, complement each other in understanding the evolution of digital media. Infrastructure studies focus on the characteristics of shared, widely accessible systems, such as the Open Web, while platform studies examine how digital systems enable and constrain communication and expression. The article uses case studies of the Open Web, Facebook, and Google to demonstrate that infrastructure studies provide a valuable perspective on widely accessible services, while platform studies highlight the constraints imposed by corporate ecosystems. The article also discusses how digital technologies have led to a "platformization" of infrastructure and an "infrastructuralization" of platforms, creating a complex interplay between the two. It concludes that combining these perspectives offers a powerful framework for future research, helping to understand the structures, promises, and perils of a world where platforms and infrastructures are increasingly intertwined. The article emphasizes the need for a critical and historical understanding of these dynamics, as well as the importance of balancing public interests with corporate power in the digital age.The article explores how infrastructure studies and platform studies intersect in the digital age, particularly in the context of Google and Facebook. It argues that these two theoretical approaches, though distinct in origin, complement each other in understanding the evolution of digital media. Infrastructure studies focus on the characteristics of shared, widely accessible systems, such as the Open Web, while platform studies examine how digital systems enable and constrain communication and expression. The article uses case studies of the Open Web, Facebook, and Google to demonstrate that infrastructure studies provide a valuable perspective on widely accessible services, while platform studies highlight the constraints imposed by corporate ecosystems. The article also discusses how digital technologies have led to a "platformization" of infrastructure and an "infrastructuralization" of platforms, creating a complex interplay between the two. It concludes that combining these perspectives offers a powerful framework for future research, helping to understand the structures, promises, and perils of a world where platforms and infrastructures are increasingly intertwined. The article emphasizes the need for a critical and historical understanding of these dynamics, as well as the importance of balancing public interests with corporate power in the digital age.