The honeybee genome, Apis mellifera, has been sequenced and analyzed, revealing several unique characteristics. The genome is characterized by high A+T content, CpG richness, and a lack of major transposon families, evolving more slowly than other insect genomes. It shares similarities with vertebrates in genes involved in circadian rhythms, RNA interference, and DNA methylation. A. mellifera has fewer genes for innate immunity, detoxification enzymes, and gustatory receptors, but more for odorant receptors and novel genes for nectar and pollen utilization, reflecting its ecological and social roles. The genome's evolutionary rate is slower compared to other insects, with fewer gene losses and intron gains. The study also highlights caste-specific gene expression and the role of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in caste differentiation and aging. The honeybee genome provides insights into the evolution of social behavior and the molecular mechanisms underlying caste and ecological functions.The honeybee genome, Apis mellifera, has been sequenced and analyzed, revealing several unique characteristics. The genome is characterized by high A+T content, CpG richness, and a lack of major transposon families, evolving more slowly than other insect genomes. It shares similarities with vertebrates in genes involved in circadian rhythms, RNA interference, and DNA methylation. A. mellifera has fewer genes for innate immunity, detoxification enzymes, and gustatory receptors, but more for odorant receptors and novel genes for nectar and pollen utilization, reflecting its ecological and social roles. The genome's evolutionary rate is slower compared to other insects, with fewer gene losses and intron gains. The study also highlights caste-specific gene expression and the role of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in caste differentiation and aging. The honeybee genome provides insights into the evolution of social behavior and the molecular mechanisms underlying caste and ecological functions.