The integration of augmented reality (AR) in spine surgery represents a significant advancement, enhancing surgical precision and patient outcomes. AR provides immersive, three-dimensional visualizations of anatomical structures, facilitating meticulous planning and execution of spine surgeries. This technology not only improves spatial understanding and real-time navigation during procedures but also aims to reduce surgical invasiveness and operative times. Despite its potential, challenges such as model accuracy, user interface design, and the learning curve for new technology must be addressed. AR’s application extends beyond the operating room, offering valuable tools for medical education and improving patient communication and satisfaction. The literature review covers 319 articles, with 11 included in the qualitative synthesis. The results highlight the transformative role of AR in spine surgery, enhancing precision, education, and outcomes despite hurdles like technical limitations and integration challenges. The fusion of AR with AI and machine learning promises further advancements in surgical care, but the high costs associated with AR systems pose a substantial barrier to widespread adoption.The integration of augmented reality (AR) in spine surgery represents a significant advancement, enhancing surgical precision and patient outcomes. AR provides immersive, three-dimensional visualizations of anatomical structures, facilitating meticulous planning and execution of spine surgeries. This technology not only improves spatial understanding and real-time navigation during procedures but also aims to reduce surgical invasiveness and operative times. Despite its potential, challenges such as model accuracy, user interface design, and the learning curve for new technology must be addressed. AR’s application extends beyond the operating room, offering valuable tools for medical education and improving patient communication and satisfaction. The literature review covers 319 articles, with 11 included in the qualitative synthesis. The results highlight the transformative role of AR in spine surgery, enhancing precision, education, and outcomes despite hurdles like technical limitations and integration challenges. The fusion of AR with AI and machine learning promises further advancements in surgical care, but the high costs associated with AR systems pose a substantial barrier to widespread adoption.