This review explores the integration of augmented reality (AR) in spine surgery, highlighting its potential to enhance surgical precision, education, and patient outcomes. AR provides immersive, three-dimensional visualizations of anatomical structures, aiding in preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation, and postoperative recovery. The technology improves spatial understanding, reduces surgical invasiveness, and enhances communication with patients. However, challenges such as model accuracy, user interface design, and the learning curve for new technologies must be addressed. A systematic literature review of 319 articles from PubMed and Scopus (2020–2024) identified 11 relevant studies. These studies demonstrate that AR can improve surgical accuracy, reduce operative times, and enhance surgical education. AR also contributes to patient communication and satisfaction by enabling better explanations of procedures and outcomes. The integration of AR with artificial intelligence and machine learning offers opportunities for predictive analytics and personalized surgical planning. Technological advancements, such as Microsoft HoloLens and AR goggles, have enhanced AR applications in spine surgery, providing real-time navigational assistance and improving surgical outcomes. AR also supports educational training by simulating complex procedures in a risk-free environment, reducing the learning curve for surgeons. However, challenges such as high costs, technical limitations, and integration complexities remain. Despite these challenges, AR has the potential to revolutionize spine surgery by improving precision, efficiency, and patient care. The review emphasizes the need for further research to address these challenges and fully realize the benefits of AR in spine surgery.This review explores the integration of augmented reality (AR) in spine surgery, highlighting its potential to enhance surgical precision, education, and patient outcomes. AR provides immersive, three-dimensional visualizations of anatomical structures, aiding in preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation, and postoperative recovery. The technology improves spatial understanding, reduces surgical invasiveness, and enhances communication with patients. However, challenges such as model accuracy, user interface design, and the learning curve for new technologies must be addressed. A systematic literature review of 319 articles from PubMed and Scopus (2020–2024) identified 11 relevant studies. These studies demonstrate that AR can improve surgical accuracy, reduce operative times, and enhance surgical education. AR also contributes to patient communication and satisfaction by enabling better explanations of procedures and outcomes. The integration of AR with artificial intelligence and machine learning offers opportunities for predictive analytics and personalized surgical planning. Technological advancements, such as Microsoft HoloLens and AR goggles, have enhanced AR applications in spine surgery, providing real-time navigational assistance and improving surgical outcomes. AR also supports educational training by simulating complex procedures in a risk-free environment, reducing the learning curve for surgeons. However, challenges such as high costs, technical limitations, and integration complexities remain. Despite these challenges, AR has the potential to revolutionize spine surgery by improving precision, efficiency, and patient care. The review emphasizes the need for further research to address these challenges and fully realize the benefits of AR in spine surgery.