2002 | Charles E. Stout, James L. Costantin, Christian C. G. Naus, and Andrew C. Charles
Astrocytes communicate through intercellular calcium signaling, which can occur via connexin hemichannels. This study shows that ATP release through connexin channels is a key mechanism for this signaling. Patch clamp, dye flux, ATP assay, and calcium imaging techniques were used to demonstrate that connexin hemichannels in astrocytes allow for the release of ATP, which is then involved in intercellular calcium waves. These findings were corroborated in C6 glioma cells expressing connexin43, where similar effects were observed. Connexin hemichannels were also shown to facilitate the transmembrane flux of low molecular weight dyes, consistent with their role in signaling. Mechanical stimulation of astrocytes evoked ATP release and calcium waves, which were potentiated by low extracellular calcium and inhibited by connexin channel inhibitors like flufenamic acid and gadolinium. Quinine, a connexin hemichannel activator, enhanced ATP release and calcium signaling, supporting the role of these channels in intercellular communication. The study concludes that connexin hemichannels are a critical pathway for ATP release and intercellular calcium signaling in astrocytes and other non-excitable cells.Astrocytes communicate through intercellular calcium signaling, which can occur via connexin hemichannels. This study shows that ATP release through connexin channels is a key mechanism for this signaling. Patch clamp, dye flux, ATP assay, and calcium imaging techniques were used to demonstrate that connexin hemichannels in astrocytes allow for the release of ATP, which is then involved in intercellular calcium waves. These findings were corroborated in C6 glioma cells expressing connexin43, where similar effects were observed. Connexin hemichannels were also shown to facilitate the transmembrane flux of low molecular weight dyes, consistent with their role in signaling. Mechanical stimulation of astrocytes evoked ATP release and calcium waves, which were potentiated by low extracellular calcium and inhibited by connexin channel inhibitors like flufenamic acid and gadolinium. Quinine, a connexin hemichannel activator, enhanced ATP release and calcium signaling, supporting the role of these channels in intercellular communication. The study concludes that connexin hemichannels are a critical pathway for ATP release and intercellular calcium signaling in astrocytes and other non-excitable cells.