This thematic review of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies' (RC/RC) Health & Care (H&C) programs is part of the mid-term review of Strategy 2010. The review aims to assess the implementation experience and make recommendations for improvement. It covers three main areas: responsiveness and focus, well-functioning National Societies (NSs), and effective collaboration. The review was conducted through desk studies, interviews, and field visits to five NSs (Nigeria, Honduras, Kazakhstan, Namibia, and Norway). Despite methodological limitations, the review found that H&C activities contribute to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and are relevant to beneficiaries, health authorities, and the RC/RC itself. However, there is a need for better visibility and measurement of outcomes and impacts. The Federation should ensure that NSs have access to strategic frameworks adapted to their contexts and support capacity building. The review also highlights the importance of community involvement and satisfaction, as well as operational choices influenced by funding availability. The Federation's role in policy formulation and technical assistance is recognized, but there are areas for improvement, particularly in organizational development and fundraising. The review concludes with recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of H&C programs and the Federation's support to NSs.This thematic review of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies' (RC/RC) Health & Care (H&C) programs is part of the mid-term review of Strategy 2010. The review aims to assess the implementation experience and make recommendations for improvement. It covers three main areas: responsiveness and focus, well-functioning National Societies (NSs), and effective collaboration. The review was conducted through desk studies, interviews, and field visits to five NSs (Nigeria, Honduras, Kazakhstan, Namibia, and Norway). Despite methodological limitations, the review found that H&C activities contribute to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and are relevant to beneficiaries, health authorities, and the RC/RC itself. However, there is a need for better visibility and measurement of outcomes and impacts. The Federation should ensure that NSs have access to strategic frameworks adapted to their contexts and support capacity building. The review also highlights the importance of community involvement and satisfaction, as well as operational choices influenced by funding availability. The Federation's role in policy formulation and technical assistance is recognized, but there are areas for improvement, particularly in organizational development and fundraising. The review concludes with recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of H&C programs and the Federation's support to NSs.