The paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the Internet of Things (IoT), exploring its concepts, definitions, origins, requirements, characteristics, and aliases. IoT is described as a paradigm shift in IT, aiming to transform everyday objects into intelligent virtual entities through unified infrastructure. The study reviews scholarly research papers, corporate white papers, expert discussions, and online databases to provide an overview of IoT, its architectures, and key technologies. The paper highlights the importance of IoT in various domains, such as healthcare, manufacturing, and transportation, and discusses the challenges and future directions for standardization and interoperability. Key technologies discussed include RFID, IPv6, EPC, barcode, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, NFC, ZigBee, sensors, and actuators. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for standardization and interoperability to enhance the global governance and implementation of IoT.The paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the Internet of Things (IoT), exploring its concepts, definitions, origins, requirements, characteristics, and aliases. IoT is described as a paradigm shift in IT, aiming to transform everyday objects into intelligent virtual entities through unified infrastructure. The study reviews scholarly research papers, corporate white papers, expert discussions, and online databases to provide an overview of IoT, its architectures, and key technologies. The paper highlights the importance of IoT in various domains, such as healthcare, manufacturing, and transportation, and discusses the challenges and future directions for standardization and interoperability. Key technologies discussed include RFID, IPv6, EPC, barcode, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, NFC, ZigBee, sensors, and actuators. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for standardization and interoperability to enhance the global governance and implementation of IoT.