This review, an update of a 2009 Cochrane review, assesses the effectiveness of interventions to prevent falls in older people living in the community. The review includes 159 randomized trials with 79,193 participants. The most common interventions tested were exercise (59 trials) and multifactorial programs (40 trials). Key findings include: - **Exercise Interventions**: Group and home-based exercise programs, including Tai Chi, significantly reduced the rate of falls and the risk of falling. - **Multifactorial Interventions**: These programs, which include individual risk assessment and treatment, reduced the rate of falls but not the risk of falling. - **Vitamin D Supplementation**: Overall, vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the rate of falls or the risk of falling, but may be effective in those with lower vitamin D levels before treatment. - **Home Safety Interventions**: These interventions, particularly when delivered by occupational therapists, were effective in reducing the rate of falls and the risk of falling, especially in higher-risk individuals. - **Other Interventions**: Interventions to treat vision problems, pacemakers for carotid sinus hypersensitivity, cataract surgery, and gradual withdrawal of psychotropic medication were also evaluated and showed varying degrees of effectiveness. The review concludes that group and home-based exercise programs, home safety interventions, and multifactorial assessments and interventions are effective in reducing the rate of falls and the risk of falling in older people living in the community.This review, an update of a 2009 Cochrane review, assesses the effectiveness of interventions to prevent falls in older people living in the community. The review includes 159 randomized trials with 79,193 participants. The most common interventions tested were exercise (59 trials) and multifactorial programs (40 trials). Key findings include: - **Exercise Interventions**: Group and home-based exercise programs, including Tai Chi, significantly reduced the rate of falls and the risk of falling. - **Multifactorial Interventions**: These programs, which include individual risk assessment and treatment, reduced the rate of falls but not the risk of falling. - **Vitamin D Supplementation**: Overall, vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the rate of falls or the risk of falling, but may be effective in those with lower vitamin D levels before treatment. - **Home Safety Interventions**: These interventions, particularly when delivered by occupational therapists, were effective in reducing the rate of falls and the risk of falling, especially in higher-risk individuals. - **Other Interventions**: Interventions to treat vision problems, pacemakers for carotid sinus hypersensitivity, cataract surgery, and gradual withdrawal of psychotropic medication were also evaluated and showed varying degrees of effectiveness. The review concludes that group and home-based exercise programs, home safety interventions, and multifactorial assessments and interventions are effective in reducing the rate of falls and the risk of falling in older people living in the community.