This review by Oude Luttikhuis et al. (2009) assesses the efficacy of lifestyle, drug, and surgical interventions for treating childhood obesity. The authors searched multiple databases from 1985 to May 2008 and included 64 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 5230 participants. Lifestyle interventions, which focused on physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and behaviorally oriented programs, showed significant reductions in overweight at 6 and 12 months follow-up. Drug interventions (metformin, orlistat, and sibutramine) were also effective but had notable adverse effects. Surgical interventions were not included in the review. The authors conclude that combined behavioral lifestyle interventions can produce meaningful reductions in overweight in children and adolescents, and that orlistat or sibutramine can be considered as adjuncts to lifestyle interventions in obese adolescents, though the potential for adverse effects must be carefully evaluated. High-quality research is needed to address psychosocial determinants, improve clinician-family interaction, and develop cost-effective programs for primary and community care.This review by Oude Luttikhuis et al. (2009) assesses the efficacy of lifestyle, drug, and surgical interventions for treating childhood obesity. The authors searched multiple databases from 1985 to May 2008 and included 64 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 5230 participants. Lifestyle interventions, which focused on physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and behaviorally oriented programs, showed significant reductions in overweight at 6 and 12 months follow-up. Drug interventions (metformin, orlistat, and sibutramine) were also effective but had notable adverse effects. Surgical interventions were not included in the review. The authors conclude that combined behavioral lifestyle interventions can produce meaningful reductions in overweight in children and adolescents, and that orlistat or sibutramine can be considered as adjuncts to lifestyle interventions in obese adolescents, though the potential for adverse effects must be carefully evaluated. High-quality research is needed to address psychosocial determinants, improve clinician-family interaction, and develop cost-effective programs for primary and community care.