The article "Intratumoral Microbiota: Implications for Cancer Onset, Progression, and Therapy" by Jinmei Wu, Pengfei Zhang, Wuxuan Mei, and Changchun Zeng explores the role of intratumoral microbiota in cancer development, progression, and treatment. The authors highlight the importance of understanding the complex interactions between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the microbiome, particularly the intratumoral microbiota. Key points include: 1. **Origin and Diversity of Intratumoral Microbiota**: Intratumoral microbiota can originate from various sources, including the gut, oral cavity, and adjacent normal tissues. The composition of these microbiota varies across different tumor types, with distinct microbial signatures linked to specific cancers. 2. **Intratumoral Microbiota and Cancer Progression**: Intratumoral bacteria can influence cancer cell properties, such as mechanical stress, stem cell flexibility, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). They can also modulate the extrinsic cancer milieu, promoting metastasis and immune evasion. 3. **Mechanisms of Intratumoral Microbiota in Cancer**: Intratumoral bacteria can induce DNA damage, activate carcinogenic pathways, initiate inflammation, and modulate anti-tumor immunity. These mechanisms contribute to cancer progression and therapy resistance. 4. **Therapeutic Potential of Intratumoral Microbiota**: The article discusses the potential of using intratumoral microbiota for therapeutic interventions, including the use of probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Engineered bacteria can be used to deliver targeted therapies, enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. 5. **Conclusion**: The authors emphasize the need for further research to understand the molecular mechanisms of intratumoral microbiota and to develop personalized treatments that target these microbial communities. They suggest that targeting intratumoral microbiota could offer new avenues for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of intratumoral microbiota and its implications for cancer research and therapy.The article "Intratumoral Microbiota: Implications for Cancer Onset, Progression, and Therapy" by Jinmei Wu, Pengfei Zhang, Wuxuan Mei, and Changchun Zeng explores the role of intratumoral microbiota in cancer development, progression, and treatment. The authors highlight the importance of understanding the complex interactions between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the microbiome, particularly the intratumoral microbiota. Key points include: 1. **Origin and Diversity of Intratumoral Microbiota**: Intratumoral microbiota can originate from various sources, including the gut, oral cavity, and adjacent normal tissues. The composition of these microbiota varies across different tumor types, with distinct microbial signatures linked to specific cancers. 2. **Intratumoral Microbiota and Cancer Progression**: Intratumoral bacteria can influence cancer cell properties, such as mechanical stress, stem cell flexibility, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). They can also modulate the extrinsic cancer milieu, promoting metastasis and immune evasion. 3. **Mechanisms of Intratumoral Microbiota in Cancer**: Intratumoral bacteria can induce DNA damage, activate carcinogenic pathways, initiate inflammation, and modulate anti-tumor immunity. These mechanisms contribute to cancer progression and therapy resistance. 4. **Therapeutic Potential of Intratumoral Microbiota**: The article discusses the potential of using intratumoral microbiota for therapeutic interventions, including the use of probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Engineered bacteria can be used to deliver targeted therapies, enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. 5. **Conclusion**: The authors emphasize the need for further research to understand the molecular mechanisms of intratumoral microbiota and to develop personalized treatments that target these microbial communities. They suggest that targeting intratumoral microbiota could offer new avenues for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of intratumoral microbiota and its implications for cancer research and therapy.