Intrinsic exchange biased anomalous Hall effect in an uncompensated antiferromagnet MnBi2Te4

Intrinsic exchange biased anomalous Hall effect in an uncompensated antiferromagnet MnBi2Te4

03 April 2024 | Su Kong Chong, Yang Cheng, Huiyuan Man, Seng Huat Lee, Yu Wang, Bingqian Dai, Masaki Tanabe, Ting-Hsun Yang, Zhiqiang Mao, Kathryn A. Moler, Kang L. Wang
This study investigates the intrinsic exchange-biased anomalous Hall effect in an uncompensated antiferromagnet, MnBi₂Te₄ (MBT). The researchers propose a novel approach to stabilize the exchange interaction at the interface of an antiferromagnet by utilizing a gradient of interlayer exchange coupling. They demonstrate this through a designed field training protocol in MBT, achieving a remarkable field-trained exchange bias of up to -400 mT, which is highly repeatable and can be reset by a large training field. Notably, this effect persists even with zero-field initialization, contrasting traditional field-cooled exchange bias. The findings provide valuable insights into the exchange interaction mechanism and pave the way for the systematic design of topological antiferromagnetic spintronics. MBT, a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic material, exhibits unique layer-dependent magnetism due to the combination of intralayer ferromagnetic and interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling. The study focuses on the 7-septuple-layer (SL) thickness of MBT, confirming the quality of the devices through large anomalous Hall responses and magnetic transition fields. Micromagnetic simulations and experimental results show that the exchange bias effect is influenced by the gradient of exchange coupling strength and the domain structure in the uncompensated layer. The researchers also explore the field cooling and field training methods to manipulate the exchange bias. Field cooling results in a negative exchange bias effect, while field training reveals two types of exchange bias: Type I, where the exchange bias is induced by a training field smaller than the critical exchange bias field, and Type II, where the exchange bias is induced by a training field within a specific range. The simulations and experimental observations suggest that the degree of weakening of the exchange coupling strength between the outermost and inner layers is crucial for the observed exchange bias effects. The study concludes that the exchange bias in MBT can be tuned by controlling the exchange coupling strength and the domain structure, providing a wide range of tunability for exchange bias and coercive fields. This work opens new avenues for the development of spintronic devices based on topological antiferromagnetic materials.This study investigates the intrinsic exchange-biased anomalous Hall effect in an uncompensated antiferromagnet, MnBi₂Te₄ (MBT). The researchers propose a novel approach to stabilize the exchange interaction at the interface of an antiferromagnet by utilizing a gradient of interlayer exchange coupling. They demonstrate this through a designed field training protocol in MBT, achieving a remarkable field-trained exchange bias of up to -400 mT, which is highly repeatable and can be reset by a large training field. Notably, this effect persists even with zero-field initialization, contrasting traditional field-cooled exchange bias. The findings provide valuable insights into the exchange interaction mechanism and pave the way for the systematic design of topological antiferromagnetic spintronics. MBT, a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic material, exhibits unique layer-dependent magnetism due to the combination of intralayer ferromagnetic and interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling. The study focuses on the 7-septuple-layer (SL) thickness of MBT, confirming the quality of the devices through large anomalous Hall responses and magnetic transition fields. Micromagnetic simulations and experimental results show that the exchange bias effect is influenced by the gradient of exchange coupling strength and the domain structure in the uncompensated layer. The researchers also explore the field cooling and field training methods to manipulate the exchange bias. Field cooling results in a negative exchange bias effect, while field training reveals two types of exchange bias: Type I, where the exchange bias is induced by a training field smaller than the critical exchange bias field, and Type II, where the exchange bias is induced by a training field within a specific range. The simulations and experimental observations suggest that the degree of weakening of the exchange coupling strength between the outermost and inner layers is crucial for the observed exchange bias effects. The study concludes that the exchange bias in MBT can be tuned by controlling the exchange coupling strength and the domain structure, providing a wide range of tunability for exchange bias and coercive fields. This work opens new avenues for the development of spintronic devices based on topological antiferromagnetic materials.
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[slides and audio] Intrinsic exchange biased anomalous Hall effect in an uncompensated antiferromagnet MnBi2Te4